記錄到 XML NLog.config 文件或 app.config 格式失敗

Question

我昨天開始學習 NLog。 另一個問題的答案（ Configuring NLog to log exceptions in an XML output? ）說您可以使用NLog.config文件將 output 配置為 XML 數據。

我把這個文件放在我的應用程序文件夾中：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

    <target name="xmlFile" xsi:type="File" fileName="d:\\${shortdate}.log" >
        <layout xsi:type="XmlLayout" includeAllProperties="false" elementName='logevent'>
            <attribute name="time" layout="${longdate}" />
            <attribute name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/>
            <element name="message" value="${message}" />
            <element name="exception_type" layout="${exception:format=Type}"/>
        </layout>
    </target>
    
</nlog>

而且，我在測試控制台應用程序中有虛擬代碼：

namespace TestConsoleNlog
{
    internal class Program
    {
        private static readonly NLog.Logger Logger = NLog.LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            if(Logger != null)
            {
                Logger.Info("This is a note");
                try
                {
                    Logger.Info("Hello world");
                    System.Console.ReadKey();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Logger.Error(ex, "Goodbye cruel world");
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

我希望它在 D 驅動器的根目錄中創建/更新日志文件，但沒有文件。 為什么？

---

並且，基於這個問題（有沒有辦法將 NLog.config 信息放入我的 app.config 文件中？ ）我嘗試將其放入app.config中：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <startup> 
        <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.8" />
    </startup>
    <configSections>
        <section name="nlog" type="NLog.Config.ConfigSectionHandler, NLog"/>
    </configSections>
    <nlog>
        <targets>
            <target name="xmlFile" type="File" fileName="d:\\${shortdate}.log" >
                <layout type="XmlLayout" includeAllProperties="false" elementName='logevent'>
                    <attribute name="time" layout="${longdate}" />
                    <attribute name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/>
                    <element name="message" value="${message}" />
                    <element name="exception_type" layout="${exception:format=Type}"/>
                </layout>
            </target>
        </targets>
    </nlog>
</configuration>

沒有快樂。

---

我試過了：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <startup> 
        <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.8" />
    </startup>
    <configSections>
        <section name="nlog" type="NLog.Config.ConfigSectionHandler, NLog"/>
    </configSections>
    <nlog internalLogLevel="Trace">
        <targets>
            <target name="xmlFile" type="File" fileName="d:\\${shortdate}.log" >
                <layout type="XmlLayout" includeAllProperties="false" elementName='logevent'>
                    <attribute name="time" layout="${longdate}" />
                    <attribute name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/>
                    <element name="message" value="${message}" />
                    <element name="exception_type" layout="${exception:format=Type}"/>
                </layout>
            </target>
        </targets>
        <rules>
            <logger name="*" minlevel="Debug" writeTo="xmlFile" />
        </rules>
    </nlog>
</configuration>

但仍然沒有喜悅。

---

我添加了手動代碼來進行內部日志記錄，這就是它所說的：

2022-12-28 20:08:03.4444 Error Error has been raised. Exception: System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException: Configuration system failed to initialize ---> System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException: Only one <configSections> element allowed per config file and if present must be the first child of the root <configuration> element. (D:\My Debug\TestConsoleNlog\TestConsoleNlog\bin\Debug\TestConsoleNlog.exe.Config line 6)
   at System.Configuration.ConfigurationSchemaErrors.ThrowIfErrors(Boolean ignoreLocal)
   at System.Configuration.BaseConfigurationRecord.ThrowIfParseErrors(ConfigurationSchemaErrors schemaErrors)
   at System.Configuration.BaseConfigurationRecord.ThrowIfInitErrors()
   at System.Configuration.ClientConfigurationSystem.EnsureInit(String configKey)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.PrepareConfigSystem()
   at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.GetSection(String sectionName)
   at NLog.Config.LoggingConfigurationWatchableFileLoader.TryLoadFromAppConfig()
2022-12-28 20:08:03.4564 Debug No file exists at candidate config file location: D:\My Debug\TestConsoleNlog\TestConsoleNlog\bin\Debug\TestConsoleNlog.exe.nlog
2022-12-28 20:08:03.4564 Debug No file exists at candidate config file location: D:\My Debug\TestConsoleNlog\TestConsoleNlog\bin\Debug\NLog.config
2022-12-28 20:08:03.4564 Debug No file exists at candidate config file location: D:\My Debug\TestConsoleNlog\TestConsoleNlog\bin\Debug\NLog.dll.nlog
2022-12-28 20:08:05.6805 Debug No file exists at candidate config file location: D:\My Debug\TestConsoleNlog\TestConsoleNlog\bin\Debug\TestConsoleNlog.exe.nlog
2022-12-28 20:08:05.6805 Debug No file exists at candidate config file location: D:\My Debug\TestConsoleNlog\TestConsoleNlog\bin\Debug\NLog.config
2022-12-28 20:08:05.6805 Debug No file exists at candidate config file location: D:\My Debug\TestConsoleNlog\TestConsoleNlog\bin\Debug\NLog.dll.nlog
2022-12-28 20:08:05.6805 Info Shutdown() called. Logger closing...
2022-12-28 20:08:05.6805 Info Logger has been closed down.
2022-12-28 20:08:05.6865 Info AppDomain Shutting down. LogFactory closing...
2022-12-28 20:08:05.6865 Info LogFactory has been closed.

Answer 1

app.config中的<configSections>必須位於頂部（在<startup>之上）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <configSections>
        <section name="nlog" type="NLog.Config.ConfigSectionHandler, NLog"/>
    </configSections>
    <startup> 
        <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.8" />
    </startup>
    <nlog>
        <targets>
            <target name="xmlFile" type="File" fileName="d:\\${shortdate}.log" >
                <layout type="XmlLayout" includeAllProperties="false" elementName='logevent'>
                    <attribute name="time" layout="${longdate}" />
                    <attribute name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/>
                    <element name="message" value="${message}" />
                    <element name="exception_type" value="${exception:format=Type}"/>
                </layout>
            </target>
        </targets>
        <rules>
            <logger name="*" minlevel="Debug" writeTo="xmlFile" />
        </rules>
    </nlog>
</configuration>

還請記住包含 NLog 日志記錄<rules>以執行從 NLog Logger-output 到目標 NLog Target 的映射。