![](/img/trans.png)
[英]How to serialize/deserialize to `Dictionary<int,List<string>>` from custom XML
[英]How do I serialize a Dictionary<int, string>?
如何序列化C# Dictionary<int, string>
?
這是一個簡單的演示:
var lookup = new Dictionary<int, string>();
lookup.Add(1, "123");
lookup.Add(2, "456");
using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
{
var formatter =
new System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter();
formatter.Serialize(ms, lookup);
lookup = null;
ms.Position = 0;
lookup = (Dictionary<int, string>) formatter.Deserialize(ms);
}
foreach(var i in lookup.Keys)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", i, lookup[i]);
}
但是您可能必須更加具體。
假設您正在談論XML序列化,可以按照Kevin的建議使用Paul Welter的SerializableDictionary
類,但這是另一種解決方案,不涉及IXmlSerializable
的定制實現。
我的想法是,字典可以看作是鍵值對的集合。 XmlSerializer
可以序列化一個集合,並且可以序列化一個鍵值對。 因此,您只需要為字典創建一個包裝器即可,它看起來XmlSerializer
一個集合,以便XmlSerializer
可以毫無抱怨地處理它。
這是我的實現:
一個XmlDictionaryEntry
類,用於保存鍵/值對( KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>
類無法序列化為XML,因為其屬性是只讀的)
public class XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey, TValue>
{
public TKey Key { get; set; }
public TValue Value { get; set; }
}
XmlDictionaryEntryCollection
類,實現鍵-值對的集合並使用字典來存儲它們
public class XmlDictionaryEntryCollection<TKey, TValue> : ICollection<XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey, TValue>>
{
public XmlDictionaryEntryCollection()
{
this.Dictionary = new Dictionary<TKey, TValue>();
}
public XmlDictionaryEntryCollection(IDictionary<TKey, TValue> dictionary)
{
dictionary.CheckArgumentNull("dictionary");
this.Dictionary = dictionary;
}
[XmlIgnore]
public IDictionary<TKey, TValue> Dictionary { get; private set; }
#region ICollection<XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey,TValue>> Members
public void Add(XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey, TValue> item)
{
this.Dictionary.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
}
public void Clear()
{
this.Dictionary.Clear();
}
public bool Contains(XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey, TValue> item)
{
return this.Dictionary.ContainsKey(item.Key);
}
public void CopyTo(XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey, TValue>[] array, int arrayIndex)
{
int index = arrayIndex;
if (arrayIndex + this.Dictionary.Count > array.Length)
throw new ArgumentException(ExceptionMessages.CopyToNotEnoughSpace);
foreach (var kvp in this.Dictionary)
{
var entry = new XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey, TValue>
{
Key = kvp.Key,
Value = kvp.Value
};
array[index++] = entry;
}
}
public int Count
{
get { return this.Dictionary.Count; }
}
public bool IsReadOnly
{
get { return this.Dictionary.IsReadOnly; }
}
public bool Remove(XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey, TValue> item)
{
return this.Dictionary.Remove(item.Key);
}
#endregion
#region IEnumerable<XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey,TValue>> Members
public IEnumerator<XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey, TValue>> GetEnumerator()
{
foreach (var kvp in this.Dictionary)
{
yield return new XmlDictionaryEntry<TKey, TValue>
{
Key = kvp.Key,
Value = kvp.Value
};
}
}
#endregion
#region IEnumerable Members
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return this.GetEnumerator();
}
#endregion
}
一種擴展方法,可以更輕松地創建包裝器(利用泛型類型推斷):
public static class XmlSerializationExtension()
{
public static XmlDictionaryEntryCollection<TKey, TValue> AsXmlSerializable<TKey, TValue>(this IDictionary<TKey, TValue> dictionary)
{
if (dictionary != null)
return new XmlDictionaryEntryCollection<TKey, TValue>(dictionary);
else
return null;
}
}
使用方法如下:
假設您具有此屬性:
public Dictionary<string, Foo> Foos { get; set; }
您只需要從序列化器中隱藏該屬性(使用XmlIgnore
屬性),然后序列化XmlDictionaryEntryCollection
:
[XmlIgnore]
public Dictionary<string, Foo> Foos { get; set; }
[XmlElement("Foos")]
public XmlDictionaryEntryCollection SerializableFoos
{
get { return Foos.AsXmlSerializable(); }
set { Foos = value.Dictionary; }
}
相對於SerializableDictionary
類,此技術的主要優點在於,它使您可以使用所需的任何種類的字典,而不必局限於特定的實現。
您可以編寫自己的對象,該對象具有以下兩種方法:序列化和反序列化。 Form_Load用於測試
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Dictionary<int, string> list = new Dictionary<int, string>();
list.Add(1, "one");
list.Add(2, "two");
list.Add(3, "three");
Dictionary<int, string> list2 = Deserialize(Serialize(list));
}
public string Serialize(Dictionary<int, string> classObject)
{
StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
output.Append("<DictionaryIntString>");
foreach (int key in classObject.Keys)
{
output.Append(String.Format("<Key value=\"{0}\">",key));
output.Append(String.Format("<Value>{0}</Value></Key>", classObject[key]));
}
output.Append("</DictionaryIntString>");
return output.ToString();
}
public Dictionary<int, string> Deserialize(string input)
{
Dictionary<int, string> output = new Dictionary<int, string>();
XmlDocument xml = new XmlDocument();
xml.LoadXml(input);
foreach (XmlNode node in xml.GetElementsByTagName("Key"))
{
output.Add(Int32.Parse(node.Attributes["value"].InnerText),node.FirstChild.InnerText);
}
return output;
}
}
聲明:本站的技術帖子網頁,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0協議,如果您需要轉載,請注明本站網址或者原文地址。任何問題請咨詢:yoyou2525@163.com.