[英]Strange? behaviour of cout
為什么執行此代碼:
// DefaultAny.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <exception>
using std::cout;
template<class T>
struct NoReturnPolicy
{
static void calculate(T& result, const T& source)
{
result = source;
}
};
template<class T>
struct ReturnPolicy
{
static T& calculate(T& result, const T& source)
{
result = source;
return result;
}
};
template<class T>
struct ThrowPolicy
{
static void check(T* ptr)
{
cout << "ThrowPolicy";
struct Nullptr: public std::exception{};
if(!ptr)
{
throw Nullptr("Nullptr not allowed");
}
}
};
template<class T>
struct NoThrowPolicy
{
static T* check(T* ptr)
{
cout << "NoThrowPolicy";
if(!ptr)
{
return nullptr;
}
else
{
return ptr;
}
}
};
/*
If pointer already points at
something no assignement is being done
*/
template<class T, class ThrowingPolicy>
struct NoAssignPolicy
{
static T* check(T* dest,const T*const src)
{
cout << "NoAssignPolicy";
if (!ThrowPolicy::check(dest))
{
dest = operator new(sizeof(T));
new (dest) T(*src);
}
}
};
template<class T,class ThrowingPolicy>
struct NoCheckPolicy
{
static void check(T* p)
{
cout << "NoCheckPolicy";
}
};
template<class T,class ThrowingPolicy>
struct CheckPolicy
{
static void check(T* p)
{
cout << "CheckPolicy";
ThrowingPolicy::check(p);
}
};
template<
class T,
class ThrowingPolicy = NoThrowPolicy<T>,
class CheckingPolicy = NoCheckPolicy<T,ThrowingPolicy>,
class AssigningPolicy = NoAssignPolicy<T,ThrowingPolicy>,
class ReturningPolicy = NoReturnPolicy<T>
>
struct BreadSlicer
{
BreadSlicer()
{
cout << "Type: " << typeid(T).name() << '\n';
cout << "ThrowingPolicy: " << ThrowingPolicy::check(0) << '\n'; //
//<<<---------The second call to cout makes output on my console:
//NoThrowPolicy:"NoSpace"ThrowingPolicy:"Space"000000
}
};
//The words NoSpace and Space do not actually appear in my console ;) and they are in the opposite order.
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
BreadSlicer<int> a;
return 0;
}
請參閱main以上第一個結構中的注釋。
這是未指定行為的結果。 如果你有:
cout << a() << b() << c() << endl;
沒有定義a,b和c的執行順序(是的,它們的結果以可預測的順序添加到cout流中,但是函數的執行未按定義的順序進行)。
如果您的問題是為什么“ NoThrowPolicy”在“ ThrowingPolicy”之前獲得輸出,則答案是沒有序列點可以保證對ThrowingPolicy::check(0)
的調用和對operator<<(cout, "ThrowingPolicy: ")
。 允許C ++以任何順序調用這些函數。
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