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在Javascript中使用CDATA塊內的變量?

[英]Use a variable inside a CDATA block, in Javascript?

CDATA -block非常適合將大塊HTML或CSS編碼為字符串。 但是,我無法弄清楚如何在一個變量值中使用變量值。

例如,請考慮以下JavaScript代碼:

var FullName    = "Friedrich Hayek";
var ProfileCode = (<><![CDATA[
                    <div id="BigHonkingChunkO_HTML">
                        ...Lot's o' code...

                        Name: $FullName$
                        Birth: $Birthdate$

                        ...Lot's o' code...

                        ... $FullName$ ...

                        ...Lot's o' code...
                    </div>
                ]]></>).toString ();


如何將$FullName$渲染為“Friedrich Hayek”而不是“$ FullName $”?

請注意,有多個變量,每個變量可以在CDATA塊中使用幾次。


替代代碼示例:

var UserColorPref   = "red";
var UI_CSS          = (<><![CDATA[
                        body {
                            color:              $UserColorPref$;
                        }
                    ]]></>).toString ();

希望將顏色屬性設置為red

它夠優雅嗎?

function replaceVars(content, vars)
{
    return content.replace(/\$(\w+)\$/g, function($0, $1)
    {
        return ($1 in vars ? vars[$1] : $0);
    });
}

ProfileCode = replaceVars(ProfileCode, {"FullName" : "Friedrich Hayek"});

如果關聯鍵並不重要,您可以隨時選擇使用:
sprintfvsprintf

編輯

如何使第二個參數可選?

function replaceVars(content, scope) {
    if (!scope || typeof scope != "object") {
        scope = this;
    }

    return content.replace(/\$(\w+)\$/g, function($0, $1) {
        return ($1 in scope ? scope[$1] : $0);
    });
}

// example1
var FullName = "Friedrich Hayek";
ProfileCode = replaceVars(ProfileCode);

// example2
var vars = {"FullName" : "Friedrich Hayek"};
ProfileCode = replaceVars(ProfileCode, vars);
ProfileCode=ProfileCode.replace('$FullName$',FullName);

在搜索了CDATA規范這篇“CDATA Confusion”文章之后 ,似乎CDATA部分將所有內容都視為純文本,除了字符數據實體和部分結束標記( ]]> )。 例如,

var x = $('<!DOCTYPE X[<!ENTITY foo "BAR">]><z> cc &#65; &foo;</z>');
console.log ($(x, 'z').text() );

收益率: ]> cc A &foo;

因此,CDATA部分無法進行變量替換。 我們能做的最好的事情就是啟動和停止這些部分,如下所示:

var FullName    = "Friedrich Hayek";
var ProfileCode = (<><![CDATA[
                    <div id="BigHonkingChunkO_HTML">
                        ...Lot's o' code...

                        Name: ]]></>).toString () + FullName+ (<><![CDATA[

                        ...Lot's o' code...
                    </div>
                ]]></>).toString ();
console.log (ProfileCode);

- 這顯然是不可接受的。


實際解決方法:

它不會幫助任何人尋找CDATA解決方案(根據規范,我們現在知道這是不可能的)。 但是,由於我們只是使用CDATA作為生成復雜字符串的方法,因此我們可以根據Ratna Dinakar的回答清理字符串。

我們最終使用的功能是:

function sSetVarValues (sSrcStr, sReplaceList /* , Variable */)
/*--- function sSetVarValues takes a string and substitutes marked
    locations with the values of the variables represented.
    Conceptually, sSetVarValues() operates a little like sprintf().

    Parameters:
        sSrcStr         --  The source string to be replaced.   
        sReplaceList    --  A string containing a comma-separated list of variable
                            names expected in the raw string.  For example, if 
                            sReplaceList was "Var_A", we would expect (but not require)
                            that sSrcStr contained one or more "$Var_A$" substrings.
        *Variable*      --  A variable-length set of parameters, containing the values
                            of the variables specified in sReplaceList.  For example,
                            if sReplaceList was "Var_A, Var_B, Var_C", then there better 
                            be 3 parameters after sReplaceList in the function call. 
    Returns:                The replaced string.
*/
{
    if (!sSrcStr)       return null;
    if (!sReplaceList)  return null;

    var aReplaceList    = sReplaceList.split (/,\s?/);

    for (var J = aReplaceList.length-1;  J >= 0;  --J)
    {
        var zRepVar     = new RegExp ('\\$' + aReplaceList[J] + '\\$', "g");
        sSrcStr         = sSrcStr.replace (zRepVar, arguments[J+2]);
    }
    return sSrcStr;
}


樣品用途:

var AAA     = 'first';
var BBB     = 'second'; 
var CCC     = 'third';
var Before  = "1 is $AAA$, 2 is $BBB$, 3 is $CCC$";

var After   = sSetVarValues (Before, "AAA, BBB, CCC", AAA, BBB, CCC);

console.log (Before);
console.log (After);

產量:

1 is $AAA$, 2 is $BBB$, 3 is $CCC$
    1 is first, 2 is second, 3 is third

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