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[英]How to create and send a SOAP request with the help of WSDL and receive SOAP response?
[英]Client to send SOAP request and receive response
嘗試創建一個 C# 客戶端(將開發為 Windows 服務),將 SOAP 請求發送到 Web 服務(並獲取結果)。
從這個問題我看到了這個代碼:
protected virtual WebRequest CreateRequest(ISoapMessage soapMessage)
{
var wr = WebRequest.Create(soapMessage.Uri);
wr.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=utf-8";
wr.ContentLength = soapMessage.ContentXml.Length;
wr.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", soapMessage.SoapAction);
wr.Credentials = soapMessage.Credentials;
wr.Method = "POST";
wr.GetRequestStream().Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(soapMessage.ContentXml), 0, soapMessage.ContentXml.Length);
return wr;
}
public interface ISoapMessage
{
string Uri { get; }
string ContentXml { get; }
string SoapAction { get; }
ICredentials Credentials { get; }
}
看起來不錯,有人知道如何使用它以及它是否是最佳實踐嗎?
我通常使用另一種方式來做同樣的事情
using System.Xml;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
public static void CallWebService()
{
var _url = "http://xxxxxxxxx/Service1.asmx";
var _action = "http://xxxxxxxx/Service1.asmx?op=HelloWorld";
XmlDocument soapEnvelopeXml = CreateSoapEnvelope();
HttpWebRequest webRequest = CreateWebRequest(_url, _action);
InsertSoapEnvelopeIntoWebRequest(soapEnvelopeXml, webRequest);
// begin async call to web request.
IAsyncResult asyncResult = webRequest.BeginGetResponse(null, null);
// suspend this thread until call is complete. You might want to
// do something usefull here like update your UI.
asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne();
// get the response from the completed web request.
string soapResult;
using (WebResponse webResponse = webRequest.EndGetResponse(asyncResult))
{
using (StreamReader rd = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream()))
{
soapResult = rd.ReadToEnd();
}
Console.Write(soapResult);
}
}
private static HttpWebRequest CreateWebRequest(string url, string action)
{
HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
webRequest.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", action);
webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=\"utf-8\"";
webRequest.Accept = "text/xml";
webRequest.Method = "POST";
return webRequest;
}
private static XmlDocument CreateSoapEnvelope()
{
XmlDocument soapEnvelopeDocument = new XmlDocument();
soapEnvelopeDocument.LoadXml(
@"<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/""
xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema-instance""
xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema"">
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<HelloWorld xmlns=""http://tempuri.org/""
SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"">
<int1 xsi:type=""xsd:integer"">12</int1>
<int2 xsi:type=""xsd:integer"">32</int2>
</HelloWorld>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>");
return soapEnvelopeDocument;
}
private static void InsertSoapEnvelopeIntoWebRequest(XmlDocument soapEnvelopeXml, HttpWebRequest webRequest)
{
using (Stream stream = webRequest.GetRequestStream())
{
soapEnvelopeXml.Save(stream);
}
}
我在這里得到了這個簡單的解決方案:
在 .NET 4.0 C# 中發送 SOAP 請求和接收響應,而不使用 WSDL 或代理類:
class Program
{
/// <summary>
/// Execute a Soap WebService call
/// </summary>
public static void Execute()
{
HttpWebRequest request = CreateWebRequest();
XmlDocument soapEnvelopeXml = new XmlDocument();
soapEnvelopeXml.LoadXml(@"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"" xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"" xmlns:soap=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"">
<soap:Body>
<HelloWorld xmlns=""http://tempuri.org/"" />
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>");
using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
soapEnvelopeXml.Save(stream);
}
using (WebResponse response = request.GetResponse())
{
using (StreamReader rd = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
{
string soapResult = rd.ReadToEnd();
Console.WriteLine(soapResult);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Create a soap webrequest to [Url]
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static HttpWebRequest CreateWebRequest()
{
HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(@"http://localhost:56405/WebService1.asmx?op=HelloWorld");
webRequest.Headers.Add(@"SOAP:Action");
webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=\"utf-8\"";
webRequest.Accept = "text/xml";
webRequest.Method = "POST";
return webRequest;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Execute();
}
}
我認為有一個更簡單的方法:
public async Task<string> CreateSoapEnvelope()
{
string soapString = @"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"" xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"" xmlns:soap=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"">
<soap:Body>
<HelloWorld xmlns=""http://tempuri.org/"" />
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>";
HttpResponseMessage response = await PostXmlRequest("your_url_here", soapString);
string content = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
return content;
}
public static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> PostXmlRequest(string baseUrl, string xmlString)
{
using (var httpClient = new HttpClient())
{
var httpContent = new StringContent(xmlString, Encoding.UTF8, "text/xml");
httpContent.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "http://tempuri.org/HelloWorld");
return await httpClient.PostAsync(baseUrl, httpContent);
}
}
最佳實踐是引用 WSDL 並將其用作 Web 服務引用。 它更容易,效果更好,但如果您沒有 WSDL,XSD 定義是一段很好的代碼。
我編寫了一個更通用的幫助器類,它接受基於字符串的自定義參數字典,以便調用者可以設置它們,而無需對其進行硬編碼。 不用說,您應該只在想要(或需要)手動發布基於 SOAP 的 Web 服務時使用這種方法:在大多數常見情況下,推薦的方法是將 Web 服務 WSDL 與添加服務引用Visual Studio 一起使用功能代替。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Xml;
namespace Ryadel.Web.SOAP
{
/// <summary>
/// Helper class to send custom SOAP requests.
/// </summary>
public static class SOAPHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// Sends a custom sync SOAP request to given URL and receive a request
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">The WebService endpoint URL</param>
/// <param name="action">The WebService action name</param>
/// <param name="parameters">A dictionary containing the parameters in a key-value fashion</param>
/// <param name="soapAction">The SOAPAction value, as specified in the Web Service's WSDL (or NULL to use the url parameter)</param>
/// <param name="useSOAP12">Set this to TRUE to use the SOAP v1.2 protocol, FALSE to use the SOAP v1.1 (default)</param>
/// <returns>A string containing the raw Web Service response</returns>
public static string SendSOAPRequest(string url, string action, Dictionary<string, string> parameters, string soapAction = null, bool useSOAP12 = false)
{
// Create the SOAP envelope
XmlDocument soapEnvelopeXml = new XmlDocument();
var xmlStr = (useSOAP12)
? @"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?>
<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance""
xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema""
xmlns:soap12=""http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"">
<soap12:Body>
<{0} xmlns=""{1}"">{2}</{0}>
</soap12:Body>
</soap12:Envelope>"
: @"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/""
xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance""
xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"">
<soap:Body>
<{0} xmlns=""{1}"">{2}</{0}>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>";
string parms = string.Join(string.Empty, parameters.Select(kv => String.Format("<{0}>{1}</{0}>", kv.Key, kv.Value)).ToArray());
var s = String.Format(xmlStr, action, new Uri(url).GetLeftPart(UriPartial.Authority) + "/", parms);
soapEnvelopeXml.LoadXml(s);
// Create the web request
HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
webRequest.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", soapAction ?? url);
webRequest.ContentType = (useSOAP12) ? "application/soap+xml;charset=\"utf-8\"" : "text/xml;charset=\"utf-8\"";
webRequest.Accept = (useSOAP12) ? "application/soap+xml" : "text/xml";
webRequest.Method = "POST";
// Insert SOAP envelope
using (Stream stream = webRequest.GetRequestStream())
{
soapEnvelopeXml.Save(stream);
}
// Send request and retrieve result
string result;
using (WebResponse response = webRequest.GetResponse())
{
using (StreamReader rd = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
{
result = rd.ReadToEnd();
}
}
return result;
}
}
}
所以這是我在谷歌搜索 2 天后的最終代碼,關於如何在不添加代理/服務引用的情況下添加命名空間和發出肥皂請求以及 SOAP 信封
class Request
{
public static void Execute(string XML)
{
try
{
HttpWebRequest request = CreateWebRequest();
XmlDocument soapEnvelopeXml = new XmlDocument();
soapEnvelopeXml.LoadXml(AppendEnvelope(AddNamespace(XML)));
using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
soapEnvelopeXml.Save(stream);
}
using (WebResponse response = request.GetResponse())
{
using (StreamReader rd = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
{
string soapResult = rd.ReadToEnd();
Console.WriteLine(soapResult);
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex);
}
}
private static HttpWebRequest CreateWebRequest()
{
string ICMURL = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.Get("ICMUrl");
HttpWebRequest webRequest = null;
try
{
webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(ICMURL);
webRequest.Headers.Add(@"SOAP:Action");
webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=\"utf-8\"";
webRequest.Accept = "text/xml";
webRequest.Method = "POST";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex);
}
return webRequest;
}
private static string AddNamespace(string XML)
{
string result = string.Empty;
try
{
XmlDocument xdoc = new XmlDocument();
xdoc.LoadXml(XML);
XmlElement temproot = xdoc.CreateElement("ws", "Request", "http://example.com/");
temproot.InnerXml = xdoc.DocumentElement.InnerXml;
result = temproot.OuterXml;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex);
}
return result;
}
private static string AppendEnvelope(string data)
{
string head= @"<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"" ><soapenv:Header/><soapenv:Body>";
string end = @"</soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>";
return head + data + end;
}
}
作為替代方案,並且非常接近 debiasej 方法。 由於 SOAP 請求只是一個 HTTP 請求,您可以簡單地使用 HTTP 客戶端執行 GET 或 POST,但構建 SOAP 信封不是強制性的。
像這樣的東西:
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace HGF.Infraestructure.Communications
{
public class SOAPSample
{
private readonly IHttpClientFactory _clientFactory;
private readonly ILogger<DocumentProvider> _logger;
public SOAPSample(ILogger<DocumentProvider> logger,
IHttpClientFactory clientFactory)
{
_clientFactory = clientFactory;
_logger = logger;
}
public async Task<string> UsingGet(int value1, int value2)
{
try
{
var client = _clientFactory.CreateClient();
var response = await client.GetAsync($"https://hostname.com/webservice.asmx/SampleMethod?value1={value1}&value2={value2}", HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead);
//NULL check, HTTP Status Check....
return await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Oops! Something went wrong");
return ex.Message;
}
}
public async Task<string> UsingPost(int value1, int value2)
{
try
{
var content = new StringContent($"value1={value1}&value2={value2}", Encoding.UTF8, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
var client = _clientFactory.CreateClient();
var response = await client.PostAsync("https://hostname.com/webservice.asmx/SampleMethod", content);
//NULL check, HTTP Status Check....
return await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Oops! Something went wrong");
return ex.Message;
}
}
}
}
當然,這取決於你的場景。 如果有效載荷太復雜,那么這將不起作用
在 C# 中調用 SOAP 網絡服務
using (var client = new UpdatedOutlookServiceReferenceAPI.OutlookServiceSoapClient("OutlookServiceSoap"))
{
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Ssl3 | SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;
var result = client.UploadAttachmentBase64(GUID, FinalFileName, fileURL);
if (result == true)
{
resultFlag = true;
}
else
{
resultFlag = false;
}
LogWriter.LogWrite1("resultFlag : " + resultFlag);
}
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