無法安裝 Orange：“錯誤：命令 'clang' 失敗，退出狀態為 1”

Question

我正在嘗試在我的 Mac OS X 10.7.3 (Lion) 上安裝Orange ，但在使用 pip 或從源代碼構建時不斷收到錯誤消息。 首先，我收到一個錯誤，內容如下：

error: command 'gcc-4.0' failed with exit status 1

我有 Xcode 4，它與 gcc 4.2.1 捆綁在一起。 所以我安裝了64-bit/32-bit Python 2.7.3 ，它內置了 gcc 4.2。我還嘗試使用以下方法覆蓋編譯器選擇：

export CC=gcc-4.2

但這產生了不同的錯誤：

gcc-4.2 not found, using clang instead
...
error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1

這是完整的日志：

$ python setup.py build
running build
running build_py
copying Orange/version.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/Orange
running build_ext
gcc-4.2 not found, using clang instead
building 'Orange.orange' extension
running pyxtract for Orange.orange
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python ../pyxtract/defvectors.py
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python ../pyxtract/pyprops.py -n orange
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python ../pyxtract/pyxtract.py -m -n orange lib_kernel.cpp lib_components.cpp lib_preprocess.cpp lib_learner.cpp lib_io.cpp lib_vectors.cpp cls_example.cpp cls_value.cpp cls_orange.cpp cls_misc.cpp functions.cpp orange.cpp
Parsing lib_kernel.cpp
Parsing lib_components.cpp
Parsing lib_preprocess.cpp
Parsing lib_learner.cpp
Parsing lib_io.cpp
Parsing lib_vectors.cpp
Parsing cls_example.cpp
Parsing cls_value.cpp
Parsing cls_orange.cpp
Parsing cls_misc.cpp
Parsing functions.cpp
Parsing orange.cpp
Warning: class 'PearsonCorrelation' will not be picklable
Warning: class 'ItemsetNodeProxy' will not be picklable
clang -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -INone -Isource/include -Isource/orange/liblinear -Isource/orange/ppp -Isource/orange/px -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c source/orange/assoc.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/source/orange/assoc.o -fPIC -fpermissive -fno-common -w -DDARWIN -DORANGE_EXPORTS
clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-fpermissive'
In file included from source/orange/assoc.cpp:25:
In file included from source/orange/random.hpp:26:
In file included from source/orange/root.hpp:25:
source/orange/garbage.hpp:221:9: error: use of undeclared identifier 'raiseError'
        raiseError("bad cast from %s to %s", typeid(U).name(), typeid(T).name());
        ^
source/orange/garbage.hpp:253:7: error: use of undeclared identifier 'raiseError'
      raiseError("Orange internal error: NULL pointer to '%s'", TYPENAME(typeid(T)));
      ^
source/orange/garbage.hpp:261:7: error: use of undeclared identifier 'raiseError'
      raiseError("Orange internal error: NULL pointer to '%s'", TYPENAME(typeid(T)));
      ^
source/orange/garbage.hpp:301:7: error: use of undeclared identifier 'raiseError'
      raiseError("Orange internal error: NULL pointer to '%s'", TYPENAME(typeid(T)));
      ^
source/orange/garbage.hpp:312:7: error: use of undeclared identifier 'raiseError'
      raiseError("Orange internal error: NULL pointer to '%s'", TYPENAME(typeid(T)));
      ^
In file included from source/orange/assoc.cpp:27:
source/orange/examplegen.hpp:143:38: error: expected member name or ';' after declaration specifiers
  TExampleIterator::TExampleIterator(const TExampleIterator &other);
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ^
source/orange/examplegen.hpp:143:38: error: expected ')'
source/orange/examplegen.hpp:143:37: note: to match this '('
  TExampleIterator::TExampleIterator(const TExampleIterator &other);
                                    ^
source/orange/assoc.cpp:33:1: error: explicit specialization of 'st_classDescription' after instantiation
DEFINE_TOrangeVector_classDescription(PAssociationRule, "TAssociationRules", true, ORANGE_API)
^
source/orange/orvector.hpp:105:57: note: expanded from macro 'DEFINE_TOrangeVector_classDescription'
    TClassDescription TOrangeVector< _TYPE, _WRAPPED >::st_classDescription = { _NAME, &typeid(TOrangeVector< _TYPE, _WRAPPED >), &TOrange::st_classDescription, TOrange_properties, TOrange_components };
                                                        ^
source/orange/ppp/assoc.ppp:111:72: note: implicit instantiation first required here
  {"rules", "association rules", &typeid(POrange), &TAssociationRules::st_classDescription, offsetof(TAssociationClassifier, rules), false, false, 0},
                                                                       ^
8 errors generated.
error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1

Answer 1

問題已解決：Xcode 4 實際上並未附帶 gcc-4.2； 它帶有新的 LLVM 編譯器。

這只是一個問題：

export CC=llvm-gcc-4.2
export CXX=llvm-g++-4.2

然后建造橙色。

Answer 2

來自http://orange.biolab.si/forum/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=1568

export CC=gcc
export CXX=g++
pip install orange # for example

如果您不需要，則不必進入版本號詳細信息似乎更可靠，對嗎？ （我以前沒有做過這種事情，所以我不確定。）

更新： pip install orange示例（上面）當前安裝的是舊版本的 Orange（版本 2.5a4 ）而不是 2.6 。 要獲取開發版本，請使用：

pip install -e hg+https://bitbucket.org/biolab/orange#egg=Orange

我從這里得到了上面的命令。

Answer 3

我必須執行以下操作才能修復 Mac OS Catalina 上的錯誤。 您可以在命令行中運行它，也可以將其放入bash_profile 。

export CC=gcc
export CXX=clang