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永遠不會調用UIImage dealloc

[英]UIImage dealloc is never called

我試圖弄清楚為什么我的應用程序使用大量內存,然后在幾次內存警告后崩潰。 Instrument VM Tracker顯示它使用〜30Mb作為臟內存。 分配顯示10-15 Mb,不是很多。 一旦應用程序處理了顯示大量圖像(縮略圖)的操作,我就認為圖像就是我應該看的東西。 我不使用標准的UIImage imageNamed方法,而是使用imageWithData並進行緩存。 當系統發送內存警告時,我將清理緩存存儲。 為了確保不再需要我創建的圖像,我將UIImage子類化,並覆蓋了imageWithData,release和dealloc方法。 我可以看到調用了imageWithData,但從未調用過release和dealloc。 這就是我這樣做的方式:

BaseUIimage.h

@interface BaseUIimage : UIImage

@end

BaseUIimage.m

#import "BaseUIimage.h"

@implementation BaseUIimage

+ (id)imageWithData:(NSData *)data {
    NSLog(@"UIImage imageWithData");
    return [UIImage imageWithData:data];
}

- (id)retain {
    NSLog(@"UIImage retain: %d", [self retainCount]);
    return [super retain];
}

- (oneway void)release {
    NSLog(@"UIImage release: %d", [self retainCount]);
    [super release];
}

- (id)autorelease {
    NSLog(@"UIImage autorelease: %d", [self retainCount]);
    return [super autorelease];
}

- (void)dealloc {
    NSLog(@"UIImage deallocated");
    [super dealloc];
}

@end

我的緩存代碼:

。H

#import "BaseUIimage.h"

@interface UIImageCached : BaseUIimage

// CACHE
+ (NSMutableDictionary*) cache;
+ (void) cleanCache;
+ (UIImageCached *)imageNamed:(NSString *)imageName;
+ (UIImageCached *)retinaImageNamed:(NSString *)imageName;
+ (UIImageCached *)imageFromPath:(NSString *)imagePath;

.m

#import "UIImageCached.h"

@implementation UIImageCached

static NSMutableDictionary *data;

+ (NSMutableDictionary*) cache {
    if (data == nil)
        data = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithCapacity:150];
    return data;
}

+ (void) cleanCache {
    NSLog(@"Cache cleaned images: %d", data.count);

    for (BaseUIimage *image in data) {
        NSLog(@"image rc: %d", [image retainCount]); // always prints rc = 1
    }

    [data removeAllObjects];
}

+ (UIImageCached *)imageFromPath:(NSString *)imagePath {
    UIImageCached *image = (UIImageCached*)[self.cache objectForKey:imagePath];
    if (image == nil) {
        NSData *imageData = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:imagePath options:NSDataReadingMappedIfSafe error:nil];
        image = (UIImageCached*)[UIImageCached imageWithData:imageData];
        [imageData release];

        if (image) {
            [self.cache setObject:image forKey:imagePath];
            //NSLog(@"new cached image: #%d", self.cache.count);
        } else {
            //NSLog(@"can't cache image: #%d", self.cache.count);
        }
    }

    return image;
}

+ (UIImageCached *)imageNamed:(NSString *)imageName {
    NSString *extension = [imageName pathExtension];
    NSString *fileName = [imageName stringByDeletingPathExtension];
    NSString *fileLocation = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:fileName ofType:extension];
    return [self imageFromPath:fileLocation];
}

+ (UIImageCached *)retinaImageNamed:(NSString *)imageName {
    UIImageCached *image = (UIImageCached*)[self.cache objectForKey:imageName];
    if (image == nil) {
        NSString *extension = [imageName pathExtension];
        NSString *fileName = [imageName stringByDeletingPathExtension];

        float s = 1.0;

        // retina filename support
        if(!isIPAD && [[UIScreen mainScreen] respondsToSelector:@selector(scale)]) {
            s = [[UIScreen mainScreen] scale];
            if (s > 1)
                fileName = NSTR2(@"%@%@", fileName, @"@2x");            
        }

        NSString *fileLocation = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:fileName ofType:extension];

        NSData *imgData = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:fileLocation options:NSDataReadingMappedIfSafe error:nil];

        BaseUIimage *tmpImage = [[BaseUIimage alloc] initWithData:imgData];

        [imgData release];

        image = (UIImageCached*)[UIImageCached imageWithCGImage:tmpImage.CGImage 
                                                    scale:s 
                                              orientation:UIImageOrientationUp];        

        [tmpImage release];

        if (image) {
            [self.cache setObject:image forKey:imageName];
            //NSLog(@"-- CACHE: new cached image: #%d", self.cache.count);          
        } else {
            NSLog(@"-- CACHE: can't cache image: %@", fileLocation);
        }
    } else {
        //NSLog(@"-- CACHE: read cached image");
    }
    return image;
}

@end

為什么從不調用release和dealloc? 這是否意味着我創建的UIImage實例沒有被取消分配,這就是虛擬內存增加的原因嗎?

Dave Wood幾乎是正確的(他的實現仍將創建UIImage)。 問題是

[UIImage imageWithData:data];

將創建一個UIImage而不是您希望它創建的子類。 要對此進行測試,請嘗試以下imageWithData實現:

+ (id)imageWithData:(NSData *)data {
    NSLog(@"UIImage imageWithData");
    UIImage *im = [UIImage imageWithData:data];
    NSLog(@"%@",[im class]);
    return im;
}

NSLog將輸出UIImage。 不是您所需要的。 我建議以下實現:

+ (id)imageWithData:(NSData *)data {
    NSLog(@"UIImage imageWithData");
    BaseUIimage *im = [[BaseUIimage alloc] initWithData:data];
    return [im autorelease];
}

這將創建BaseUIimage類的圖像,並因此表現出您所期望的。 干杯。

您創建的子類錯誤。 在這里的代碼中:

@implementation BaseUIimage

+ (id)imageWithData:(NSData *)data {
    NSLog(@"UIImage imageWithData");
    return [UIImage imageWithData:data];
}

...

您沒有獲得BaseUIimage的實例,而是獲得了常規的UIImage,這意味着未調用覆蓋的release / dealloc等,因為它們不屬於UIImage類。

您需要將該函數更改為:

@implementation BaseUIimage

+ (id)imageWithData:(NSData *)data {
    NSLog(@"UIImage imageWithData");
    return [super imageWithData:data];
}

...

這將返回您的BaseUIimage類的實例。 現在,您將能夠看到被覆蓋的方法被調用。

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