簡體   English   中英

在 xUnit.net 中的所有測試之前和之后運行一次代碼

[英]Run code once before and after ALL tests in xUnit.net

TL;DR - 我正在尋找與 MSTest 的AssemblyInitialize等效的 xUnit(又名它具有我喜歡的一個功能)。

具體來說,我正在尋找它,因為我有一些 Selenium 煙霧測試,我希望能夠在沒有其他依賴項的情況下運行。 我有一個 Fixture 可以為我啟動 IisExpress 並在處置時終止它。 但是在每次測試之前都這樣做會大大增加運行時間。

我想在測試開始時觸發一次此代碼,並在結束時處理它(關閉進程)。 我怎么能 go 這樣做呢?

即使我可以通過編程方式訪問“當前正在運行多少個測試”之類的內容,我也可以弄清楚。

截至 2015 年 11 月,xUnit 2 已發布,因此有一種在測試之間共享功能的規范方法。 它記錄在此處

基本上,您需要創建一個類來執行夾具:

    public class DatabaseFixture : IDisposable
    {
        public DatabaseFixture()
        {
            Db = new SqlConnection("MyConnectionString");

            // ... initialize data in the test database ...
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            // ... clean up test data from the database ...
        }

        public SqlConnection Db { get; private set; }
    }

一個帶有CollectionDefinition屬性的虛擬類。 這個類允許 Xunit 創建一個測試集合,並將為集合的所有測試類使用給定的夾具。

    [CollectionDefinition("Database collection")]
    public class DatabaseCollection : ICollectionFixture<DatabaseFixture>
    {
        // This class has no code, and is never created. Its purpose is simply
        // to be the place to apply [CollectionDefinition] and all the
        // ICollectionFixture<> interfaces.
    }

然后您需要在所有測試類上添加集合名稱。 測試類可以通過構造函數接收夾具。

    [Collection("Database collection")]
    public class DatabaseTestClass1
    {
        DatabaseFixture fixture;

        public DatabaseTestClass1(DatabaseFixture fixture)
        {
            this.fixture = fixture;
        }
    }

它比 MsTests AssemblyInitialize更冗長,因為您必須在每個測試類上聲明它屬於哪個測試集合,但它也更具模塊化(並且使用 MsTests 您仍然需要在類上放置一個 TestClass )

注意:樣本取自文檔

要在程序集初始化時執行代碼,則可以執行此操作(使用 xUnit 2.3.1 測試)

using Xunit.Abstractions;
using Xunit.Sdk;

[assembly: Xunit.TestFramework("MyNamespace.MyClassName", "MyAssemblyName")]

namespace MyNamespace
{   
   public class MyClassName : XunitTestFramework
   {
      public MyClassName(IMessageSink messageSink)
        :base(messageSink)
      {
        // Place initialization code here
      }

      public new void Dispose()
      {
        // Place tear down code here
        base.Dispose();
      }
   }
}

另見https://github.com/xunit/samples.xunit/tree/master/AssemblyFixtureExample

創建一個靜態字段並實現一個終結器。

您可以使用 xUnit 創建一個 AppDomain 來運行您的測試程序集並在完成后卸載它的事實。 卸載應用程序域將導致終結器運行。

我正在使用這種方法來啟動和停止 IISExpress。

public sealed class ExampleFixture
{
    public static ExampleFixture Current = new ExampleFixture();

    private ExampleFixture()
    {
        // Run at start
    }

    ~ExampleFixture()
    {
        Dispose();
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);

        // Run at end
    }        
}

編輯:在您的測試中使用ExampleFixture.Current訪問夾具。

在今天的框架中是不可能做到的。 這是 2.0 計划的功能。

為了在 2.0 之前完成這項工作,您需要對框架進行重大的重新架構,或者編寫自己的運行程序來識別您自己的特殊屬性。

我使用AssemblyFixture ( NuGet )。

它的作用是提供一個IAssemblyFixture<T>接口,該接口正在替換您希望對象的生命周期作為測試程序集的任何IClassFixture<T>

例子:

public class Singleton { }

public class TestClass1 : IAssemblyFixture<Singleton>
{
  readonly Singletone _Singletone;
  public TestClass1(Singleton singleton)
  {
    _Singleton = singleton;
  }

  [Fact]
  public void Test1()
  {
     //use singleton  
  }
}

public class TestClass2 : IAssemblyFixture<Singleton>
{
  readonly Singletone _Singletone;
  public TestClass2(Singleton singleton)
  {
    //same singleton instance of TestClass1
    _Singleton = singleton;
  }

  [Fact]
  public void Test2()
  {
     //use singleton  
  }
}

我很惱火,因為沒有選擇在所有 xUnit 測試結束時執行事情。 這里的一些選項不是那么好,因為它們涉及更改所有測試或將它們放在一個集合中(意味着它們同步執行)。 但是 Rolf Kristensen 的回答為我提供了獲取此代碼所需的信息。 有點長,但是你只需要將它添加到你的測試項目中,不需要其他代碼更改:

using Siderite.Tests;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;
using Xunit;
using Xunit.Abstractions;
using Xunit.Sdk;

[assembly: TestFramework(
    SideriteTestFramework.TypeName,
    SideriteTestFramework.AssemblyName)]

namespace Siderite.Tests
{
    public class SideriteTestFramework : ITestFramework
    {
        public const string TypeName = "Siderite.Tests.SideriteTestFramework";
        public const string AssemblyName = "Siderite.Tests";
        private readonly XunitTestFramework _innerFramework;

        public SideriteTestFramework(IMessageSink messageSink)
        {
            _innerFramework = new XunitTestFramework(messageSink);
        }

        public ISourceInformationProvider SourceInformationProvider
        {
            set
            {
                _innerFramework.SourceInformationProvider = value;
            }
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            _innerFramework.Dispose();
        }

        public ITestFrameworkDiscoverer GetDiscoverer(IAssemblyInfo assembly)
        {
            return _innerFramework.GetDiscoverer(assembly);
        }

        public ITestFrameworkExecutor GetExecutor(AssemblyName assemblyName)
        {
            var executor = _innerFramework.GetExecutor(assemblyName);
            return new SideriteTestExecutor(executor);
        }

        private class SideriteTestExecutor : ITestFrameworkExecutor
        {
            private readonly ITestFrameworkExecutor _executor;
            private IEnumerable<ITestCase> _testCases;

            public SideriteTestExecutor(ITestFrameworkExecutor executor)
            {
                this._executor = executor;
            }

            public ITestCase Deserialize(string value)
            {
                return _executor.Deserialize(value);
            }

            public void Dispose()
            {
                _executor.Dispose();
            }

            public void RunAll(IMessageSink executionMessageSink, ITestFrameworkDiscoveryOptions discoveryOptions, ITestFrameworkExecutionOptions executionOptions)
            {
                _executor.RunAll(executionMessageSink, discoveryOptions, executionOptions);
            }

            public void RunTests(IEnumerable<ITestCase> testCases, IMessageSink executionMessageSink, ITestFrameworkExecutionOptions executionOptions)
            {
                _testCases = testCases;
                _executor.RunTests(testCases, new SpySink(executionMessageSink, this), executionOptions);
            }

            internal void Finished(TestAssemblyFinished executionFinished)
            {
                // do something with the run test cases in _testcases and the number of failed and skipped tests in executionFinished
            }
        }


        private class SpySink : IMessageSink
        {
            private readonly IMessageSink _executionMessageSink;
            private readonly SideriteTestExecutor _testExecutor;

            public SpySink(IMessageSink executionMessageSink, SideriteTestExecutor testExecutor)
            {
                this._executionMessageSink = executionMessageSink;
                _testExecutor = testExecutor;
            }

            public bool OnMessage(IMessageSinkMessage message)
            {
                var result = _executionMessageSink.OnMessage(message);
                if (message is TestAssemblyFinished executionFinished)
                {
                    _testExecutor.Finished(executionFinished);
                }
                return result;
            }
        }
    }
}

亮點:

  • 程序集:TestFramework 指示 xUnit 使用您的框架,該框架代理默認框架
  • SideriteTestFramework 還將 executor 包裝成一個自定義類,然后包裝消息接收器
  • 最后,執行 Finished 方法,運行測試列表和 xUnit 消息的結果

在這里可以做更多的工作。 如果您想在不關心測試運行的情況下執行某些內容,您可以從 XunitTestFramework 繼承並包裝消息接收器。

您可以使用 IUseFixture 接口來實現這一點。 此外,您的所有測試都必須繼承 TestBase 類。 您還可以直接從測試中使用 OneTimeFixture。

public class TestBase : IUseFixture<OneTimeFixture<ApplicationFixture>>
{
    protected ApplicationFixture Application;

    public void SetFixture(OneTimeFixture<ApplicationFixture> data)
    {
        this.Application = data.Fixture;
    }
}

public class ApplicationFixture : IDisposable
{
    public ApplicationFixture()
    {
        // This code run only one time
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        // Here is run only one time too
    }
}

public class OneTimeFixture<TFixture> where TFixture : new()
{
    // This value does not share between each generic type
    private static readonly TFixture sharedFixture;

    static OneTimeFixture()
    {
        // Constructor will call one time for each generic type
        sharedFixture = new TFixture();
        var disposable = sharedFixture as IDisposable;
        if (disposable != null)
        {
            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DomainUnload += (sender, args) => disposable.Dispose();
        }
    }

    public OneTimeFixture()
    {
        this.Fixture = sharedFixture;
    }

    public TFixture Fixture { get; private set; }
}

編輯:修復新夾具為每個測試類創建的問題。

您的構建工具是否提供這樣的功能?

在 Java 世界中,當使用Maven作為構建工具時,我們使用構建生命周期的適當階段 例如,你的情況(驗收測試與硒類工具),可以很好地利用的pre-integration-testpost-integration-test階段,開始/后一個的停止/前一個web應用integration-test秒。

我很確定可以在您的環境中設置相同的機制。

只需使用 static 構造函數,這就是您需要做的全部,它只運行一次。

Jared Kells描述的方法在 Net Core 下不起作用,因為不能保證調用終結器。 而且,事實上,上面的代碼並沒有調用它。 請參閱:

為什么 Finalize/Destructor 示例在 .NET Core 中不起作用?

https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/16028

https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/17836

https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/24623

所以,基於上面的好答案,這是我最終做的(根據需要替換保存到文件):

public class DatabaseCommandInterceptor : IDbCommandInterceptor
{
    private static ConcurrentDictionary<DbCommand, DateTime> StartTime { get; } = new();

    public void ReaderExecuted(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<DbDataReader> interceptionContext) => Log(command, interceptionContext);

    public void NonQueryExecuted(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<int> interceptionContext) => Log(command, interceptionContext);

    public void ScalarExecuted(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<object> interceptionContext) => Log(command, interceptionContext);

    private static void Log<T>(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<T> interceptionContext)
    {
        var parameters = new StringBuilder();

        foreach (DbParameter param in command.Parameters)
        {
            if (parameters.Length > 0) parameters.Append(", ");
            parameters.Append($"{param.ParameterName}:{param.DbType} = {param.Value}");
        }

        var data = new DatabaseCommandInterceptorData
        {
            CommandText = command.CommandText,
            CommandType = $"{command.CommandType}",
            Parameters = $"{parameters}",
            Duration = StartTime.TryRemove(command, out var startTime) ? DateTime.Now - startTime : TimeSpan.Zero,
            Exception = interceptionContext.Exception,
        };

        DbInterceptorFixture.Current.LogDatabaseCall(data);
    }

    public void NonQueryExecuting(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<int> interceptionContext) => OnStart(command);
    public void ReaderExecuting(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<DbDataReader> interceptionContext) => OnStart(command);
    public void ScalarExecuting(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<object> interceptionContext) => OnStart(command);

    private static void OnStart(DbCommand command) => StartTime.TryAdd(command, DateTime.Now);
}

public class DatabaseCommandInterceptorData
{
    public string CommandText { get; set; }
    public string CommandType { get; set; }
    public string Parameters { get; set; }
    public TimeSpan Duration { get; set; }
    public Exception Exception { get; set; }
}

/// <summary>
/// All times are in milliseconds.
/// </summary>
public record DatabaseCommandStatisticalData
{
    public string CommandText { get; }
    public int CallCount { get; init; }
    public int ExceptionCount { get; init; }
    public double Min { get; init; }
    public double Max { get; init; }
    public double Mean { get; init; }
    public double StdDev { get; init; }

    public DatabaseCommandStatisticalData(string commandText)
    {
        CommandText = commandText;
        CallCount = 0;
        ExceptionCount = 0;
        Min = 0;
        Max = 0;
        Mean = 0;
        StdDev = 0;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Calculates k-th moment for n + 1 values: M_k(n + 1)
    /// based on the values of k, n, mkn = M_k(N), and x(n + 1).
    /// The sample adjustment (replacement of n -> (n - 1)) is NOT performed here
    /// because it is not needed for this function.
    /// Note that k-th moment for a vector x will be calculated in Wolfram as follows:
    ///     Sum[x[[i]]^k, {i, 1, n}] / n
    /// </summary>
    private static double MknPlus1(int k, int n, double mkn, double xnp1) =>
        (n / (n + 1.0)) * (mkn + (1.0 / n) * Math.Pow(xnp1, k));

    public DatabaseCommandStatisticalData Updated(DatabaseCommandInterceptorData data) =>
        CallCount == 0
            ? this with
            {
                CallCount = 1,
                ExceptionCount = data.Exception == null ? 0 : 1,
                Min = data.Duration.TotalMilliseconds,
                Max = data.Duration.TotalMilliseconds,
                Mean = data.Duration.TotalMilliseconds,
                StdDev = 0.0,
            }
            : this with
            {
                CallCount = CallCount + 1,
                ExceptionCount = ExceptionCount + (data.Exception == null ? 0 : 1),
                Min = Math.Min(Min, data.Duration.TotalMilliseconds),
                Max = Math.Max(Max, data.Duration.TotalMilliseconds),
                Mean = MknPlus1(1, CallCount, Mean, data.Duration.TotalMilliseconds),
                StdDev = Math.Sqrt(
                    MknPlus1(2, CallCount, Math.Pow(StdDev, 2) + Math.Pow(Mean, 2), data.Duration.TotalMilliseconds)
                    - Math.Pow(MknPlus1(1, CallCount, Mean, data.Duration.TotalMilliseconds), 2)),
            };

    public static string Header { get; } =
        string.Join(TextDelimiter.VerticalBarDelimiter.Key,
            new[]
            {
                nameof(CommandText),
                nameof(CallCount),
                nameof(ExceptionCount),
                nameof(Min),
                nameof(Max),
                nameof(Mean),
                nameof(StdDev),
            });

    public override string ToString() =>
        string.Join(TextDelimiter.VerticalBarDelimiter.Key,
            new[]
            {
                $"\"{CommandText.Replace("\"", "\"\"")}\"",
                $"{CallCount}",
                $"{ExceptionCount}",
                $"{Min}",
                $"{Max}",
                $"{Mean}",
                $"{StdDev}",
            });
}

public class DbInterceptorFixture
{
    public static readonly DbInterceptorFixture Current = new();
    private bool _disposedValue;
    private ConcurrentDictionary<string, DatabaseCommandStatisticalData> DatabaseCommandData { get; } = new();
    private static IMasterLogger Logger { get; } = new MasterLogger(typeof(DbInterceptorFixture));

    /// <summary>
    /// Will run once at start up.
    /// </summary>
    private DbInterceptorFixture()
    {
        AssemblyLoadContext.Default.Unloading += Unloading;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// A dummy method to call in order to ensure that static constructor is called
    /// at some more or less controlled time.
    /// </summary>
    public void Ping()
    {
    }

    public void LogDatabaseCall(DatabaseCommandInterceptorData data) =>
        DatabaseCommandData.AddOrUpdate(
            data.CommandText,
            _ => new DatabaseCommandStatisticalData(data.CommandText).Updated(data),
            (_, d) => d.Updated(data));

    private void Unloading(AssemblyLoadContext context)
    {
        if (_disposedValue) return;
        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        _disposedValue = true;
        SaveData();
    }

    private void SaveData()
    {
        try
        {
            File.WriteAllLines(
                @"C:\Temp\Test.txt",
                DatabaseCommandData
                    .Select(e => $"{e.Value}")
                    .Prepend(DatabaseCommandStatisticalData.Header));
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Logger.LogError(e);
        }
    }
}

然后在測試中的某處注冊DatabaseCommandInterceptor一次:

DbInterception.Add(new DatabaseCommandInterceptor());

我也更喜歡在基本測試類中調用DbInterceptorFixture.Current.Ping() ,盡管我認為不需要這樣做。

接口IMasterLogger只是log4net的強類型包裝器,因此只需將其替換為您最喜歡的。

TextDelimiter.VerticalBarDelimiter.Key的值只是'|' 它位於我們所說的封閉集合中。

PS如果我搞砸了統計數據,請發表評論,我會更新答案。

暫無
暫無

聲明:本站的技術帖子網頁,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0協議,如果您需要轉載,請注明本站網址或者原文地址。任何問題請咨詢:yoyou2525@163.com.

 
粵ICP備18138465號  © 2020-2024 STACKOOM.COM