在不丢失数据的情况下将子类对象存储在同一容器中？

Question

So lets say I have a base class called Fruits,

class Fruit{

  public TYPE{ Apples, Oranges, Grapes, NoType };
  virtual int getType(){ return Fruit::TYPE::NoType; };
  virtual ~Fruits(){};

  virtual int randomFunc(){ return 991; };

}

And then lets say I have a child class called Apple,

class Apple : public Fruit{

  virtual int getType()override{ return Fruit::TYPE::Apples; };

  virtual int childFunc(){ return -1; };

}

Now, my question, is it possible to receive an object with the base class Fruits, and store various child objects in the same map/container without loosing the 'childFunc()' functionality, or any variables/functions not existent in the base? Ideally I'm trying to find something like,

int FruitStorage::addFruit( Fruit* f, int i ){

     this->fruitsMap[i] = *f; //I feel like receiving a base object will strip the child functionality. 
     return this->fruitsMap[i]->childFunc(); //I need to use the child functions after the object is stored.

}

Would it be possible to use templates for something like this? Is this a practice that's generally frowned upon? My issue with separate containers is that I need to track on a first-in-first-out basis.

Answer 1

Store std::shared_ptr<Fruit> in your container. To see if you can rely on childFunct() you need to do a dynamic_cast<Apple *>(fruit.get()) where fruit is a std::shared_ptr<Fruit>