[英]How to add second x-axis at the bottom of the first one in matplotlib.?
I am refering to the question already asked here .我指的是这里已经提出的问题。
In this example the users have solved the second axis problem by adding it to the upper part of the graph where it coincide with the title.在这个例子中,用户已经解决了第二个轴问题,将它添加到图表的上部,与标题重合。
Question: Is it possible to add the second x-axis at the bottom of the first one?问题:是否可以在第一个 x 轴的底部添加第二个 x 轴?
Code:代码:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax2 = ax1.twiny()
X = np.linspace(0,1,1000)
Y = np.cos(X*20)
ax1.plot(X,Y)
ax1.set_xlabel(r"Original x-axis: $X$")
new_tick_locations = np.array([.2, .5, .9])
def tick_function(X):
V = 1/(1+X)
return ["%.3f" % z for z in V]
ax2.set_xticks(new_tick_locations)
ax2.set_xticklabels(tick_function(new_tick_locations))
ax2.set_xlabel(r"Modified x-axis: $1/(1+X)$")
plt.show()
As an alternative to the answer from @DizietAsahi, you can use spines
in a similar way to the matplotlib
example posted here .作为@DizietAsahi 答案的替代方法,您可以以类似于此处发布的
matplotlib
示例的方式使用spines
。
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax2 = ax1.twiny()
# Add some extra space for the second axis at the bottom
fig.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.2)
X = np.linspace(0,1,1000)
Y = np.cos(X*20)
ax1.plot(X,Y)
ax1.set_xlabel(r"Original x-axis: $X$")
new_tick_locations = np.array([.2, .5, .9])
def tick_function(X):
V = 1/(1+X)
return ["%.3f" % z for z in V]
# Move twinned axis ticks and label from top to bottom
ax2.xaxis.set_ticks_position("bottom")
ax2.xaxis.set_label_position("bottom")
# Offset the twin axis below the host
ax2.spines["bottom"].set_position(("axes", -0.15))
# Turn on the frame for the twin axis, but then hide all
# but the bottom spine
ax2.set_frame_on(True)
ax2.patch.set_visible(False)
# as @ali14 pointed out, for python3, use this
# for sp in ax2.spines.values():
# and for python2, use this
for sp in ax2.spines.itervalues():
sp.set_visible(False)
ax2.spines["bottom"].set_visible(True)
ax2.set_xticks(new_tick_locations)
ax2.set_xticklabels(tick_function(new_tick_locations))
ax2.set_xlabel(r"Modified x-axis: $1/(1+X)$")
plt.show()
I think you have to create a second Axes
with 0 height (and hide the yaxis
) to have a second xaxis
that you can place wherever you like.我认为你必须创建第二个
Axes
以0高度(和隐藏yaxis
)有一个第二xaxis
,你可以将你喜欢的地方。
for example:例如:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_axes((0.1,0.3,0.8,0.6)) # create an Axes with some room below
X = np.linspace(0,1,1000)
Y = np.cos(X*20)
ax1.plot(X,Y)
ax1.set_xlabel(r"Original x-axis: $X$")
# create second Axes. Note the 0.0 height
ax2 = fig.add_axes((0.1,0.1,0.8,0.0))
ax2.yaxis.set_visible(False) # hide the yaxis
new_tick_locations = np.array([.2, .5, .9])
def tick_function(X):
V = 1/(1+X)
return ["%.3f" % z for z in V]
ax2.set_xticks(new_tick_locations)
ax2.set_xticklabels(tick_function(new_tick_locations))
ax2.set_xlabel(r"Modified x-axis: $1/(1+X)$")
plt.show()
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