使用另一个数据框中的唯一值和分配给列的相应值创建具有列名的新数据框

Question

I'm new to R, and I'm pretty sure this is something simple to accomplish, but I cannot figure out how to perform this action. I've tried the split function, utilizing a for loop, but cannot quite figure out how to get it right. As an example, this is what my original data frame looks like:

dat <- data.frame(col1 = c(rep("red", 4), rep("blue", 3)), col2 = c(1, 3, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9))

 col1 col2
  red    1
  red    3
  red    2
  red    4
 blue    7
 blue    8
 blue    9

I want to create new columns for each unique value in col1 and assign it's corressponding value in col2 to the new data frame. And this is how I want my new data frame:

red  blue
 1       7
 3       8
 2       9
 4      NA

I've gotten close with a list structure close to what I wanted, but I need a data frame to boxplot and dotplot the results. Any help would be appriciated. Thanks!

Answer 1

I'm sure there's a more efficient solution, but here's one option

dat <- data.frame(col1 = c(rep("red", 4), rep("blue", 3)), col2 = c(1, 3, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9))
dat

  col1 col2
1  red    1
2  red    3
3  red    2
4  red    4
5 blue    7
6 blue    8
7 blue    9    

ust <- unstack(dat, form = col2 ~ col1)
res <- data.frame(sapply(ust, '[', 1:max(unlist(lapply(ust, length)))))
res
  blue red
1    7   1
2    8   3
3    9   2
4   NA   4

Edit: If you want the column order red then blue

res[, c("red", "blue")]
  red blue
1   1    7
2   3    8
3   2    9
4   4   NA

Answer 2

Here's an Hadleyverse possible solution

library(tidyr)
library(dplyr)
dat %>%
  group_by(col1) %>%
  mutate(n = row_number()) %>%
  spread(col1, col2)
# Source: local data frame [4 x 3]
# 
#   n blue red
# 1 1    7   1
# 2 2    8   3
# 3 3    9   2
# 4 4   NA   4

Or using data.table

library(data.table)
dcast(setDT(dat)[, indx := 1:.N, by = col1], indx ~ col1, value.var = "col2")
#    indx blue red
# 1:    1    7   1
# 2:    2    8   3
# 3:    3    9   2
# 4:    4   NA   4

Answer 3

Just to show another option using base R *apply and cbind

# split the data into list using col1 column
tmp.list   = lapply(split(dat, dat$col1), function(x) x$col2)

# identify the length of the biggest list
max.length = max(sapply(tmp.list, length))

# combine the list elements, while filling NA for the missing values
data.frame(do.call(cbind, 
  lapply(tmp.list, function(x) c(x, rep(NA, max.length - length(x))))
))

#  blue red
#1    7   1
#2    8   3
#3    9   2
#4   NA   4