R：按日期将列中的变量转置为行

Question

[Solution] I found my own solution to the problem.

  require(data.table)
  dt <- data.table(dataframe)
  newdt<-dt[, number := 1:.N, by = Date] 
  data<-as.data.frame(newdt)

data_wide <- reshape(newdt, direction="wide", idvar = "Date", timevar =   "number")

data_wide

6/26/2015   209.3     230.2     80.4     s2
6/27/2015   209.1     227.2     239.2    s2

Edit 2: I think that the solution provided by others would work if I can figure out how to create a new column in my original dataframe that labels the number of the rows (or valid values in Variable 1) for each date. In other words, I would like to restart labeling rows at each change in date. For example,

6/26/2015   1   209.3
6/26/2015   2   230.2
6/26/2015   3   80.4
6/26/2015   4   s2
6/27/2015   1 ....

And then I could use the reshape methods described in the other posts.

Edit: This is close to How to reshape data from long to wide format? , but in order for those answers to fit my data I would need a new column here that assigns a number 1-length variable 1 for each day to the variables, which I don't have.

In other words, if I use

data_wide <- reshape(data,direction="wide", idvar = "Date", timevar = "Variable 1")
data_wide

Then, because there are 200+ unique entries for Variable 1, data_wide had 200+ columns for each date, with most of those being na because values for Variable 1 typically only exist on a single date in the data, and the data is a time series of over 5000 dates. ~~~~~~~~~~~~

I have a dataframe where column 1 = Date and column 2 = Variable 1 where Variable 1 is usually numeric. Eg

6/26/2015   209.3    
6/26/2015   230.2    
6/26/2015   80.4     
6/26/2015   s2       
6/27/2015   209.1    
6/27/2015   227.2    
6/27/2015   239.2    
6/27/2015   s2       

I would like to be able to label the rows with a new value that is simply the row number for that date.

6/26/2015   209.3    1
6/26/2015   230.2    2
6/26/2015   80.4     3
6/26/2015   s2       4
6/27/2015   209.1    1
6/27/2015   227.2    2
6/27/2015   239.2    3
6/27/2015   s2       4

[Original Post]

I have a dataframe where column 1 = Date and column 2 = Variable 1 where Variable 1 is usually numeric. Eg

6/26/2015   209.3
6/26/2015   230.2
6/26/2015   80.4
6/26/2015   s2
6/27/2015   209.1
6/27/2015   227.2
6/27/2015   239.2
6/27/2015   s2
6/28/2015   230.2
6/28/2015   228.2
6/28/2015   36.4
6/28/2015   s2
6/29/2015   209.3
6/29/2015   15.3
6/29/2015   15.4
6/29/2015   s2

I would like to be able to "transpose" the data such that each date has its own row, and each Variable for the same date is in the same row. Eg

6/26/2015   209.3     230.2     80.4     s2
6/27/2015   209.1     227.2     239.2    s2

And so on. Although this example shows the same number of entries for Variable 1 per date, this is not always the case. I would like to be able to allow for any number of Variables to be collapsed onto the date.

A complicating factor is that there are actually two more columns, Variable 2 and Variable 3, which are constant within a date but may vary between two dates. I would like those to be collapsed onto the date as well, but I only need one column for each of these variables in the new dataframe.

I have tried using dcast and reshape functions, but these do not give the intended result. Does anyone have suggestions?

Answer 1

this is best handled via tapply : something like

tapply(data$`Variable 1`, data$date, c)

which creates a ragged array. The type of a ragged array matches your description of the expected result. Note that the original order might be lost, but you can restore a sensible order by (eg) ordering by date.

you CANNOT (sensibly) transform your result into a legal data frame, because your data type implies a variable number of columns per row. Data frames are not intended for this use, and if you approach it this way, you will immediately run into more problems.

---

alternatively, what's wrong with the original sparse matrix with lots of NAs? that's another valid representation of the data type you are discussing.

---

If you are just interested in the count of valid values, just do this:

aggregate(data=data,`Variable 1`~Date,length)

For the mtcars dataset, this happens:

aggregate(data=mtcars,wt~cyl,length)
  cyl wt
1   4 11
2   6  7
3   8 14

Note that wt is just a count of values, it doesn't care about the type or value of wt, just how many (length) there are.

Answer 2

This solution takes a dataframe where column 1 contains date values which are repeated for several rows, and where column 2 contains a value for each row. The goal is to have a new dataframe where column 1 contains no repeat dates, and each row (date) contains all of the values listed in column 2, essentially condensing dates and transposing column 2 into the date. To do this with reshape, first, each value for the same date needs a number.

   require(data.table)
      dt <- data.table(dataframe)
      newdt<-dt[, number := 1:.N, by = Date] 
      data<-as.data.frame(newdt)

    data_wide <- reshape(newdt, direction="wide", idvar = "Date", timevar =   "number")

    data_wide

    6/26/2015   209.3     230.2     80.4     s2
    6/27/2015   209.1     227.2     239.2    s2