评论星级-R中的预测

Question

I have a dataset of reviews that have the following structure:

{
"reviewerID": "XXXX",
"asin": "12345XXX",
"reviewerName": "Paul",
"helpful": [2, 5],
"reviewText": "Nice product, works as it should.",
"overall": 5.0,
"summary": "Nice product",
"unixReviewTime": 1152700000,
"reviewTime": "08 14, 2010"
}

I have got a bunch of reviews and would like to create a forecast based on the text of the review ("reviewText") using some text mining techniques.

I would like to train a classifier and then have an accuracy measure how well the system works. The rating of each review is given ("overall").

So far I did the following:

Required packages (not all are required)

library(plyr)
library(rjson)
library(magrittr)
library(lubridate)
library(stringi)
library(doSNOW)
library(tm)
library(NLP)
library(wordcloud)
library(SnowballC)
library(rpart)

The input data is available in JSON format:

Sample Input

Out of this table reviewTexts are converted to a corpus.

Create a corpus and apply some pre-processing steps

corpus <- Corpus(VectorSource(tr.review.asin$reviewText))
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, tolower)
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, removePunctuation)
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, PlainTextDocument)
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, removeWords, stopwords('english'))
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, stemDocument)

Making a document term matrix

dtm <- DocumentTermMatrix(corpus)
dtm <- removeSparseTerms(dtm, 0.999)

Creating a training and test set

dtmsparse <- as.data.frame(as.matrix(dtm))
train <- dtmsparse[1:6500,]
test <- dtmsparse[6501:7561,]

Creating a model

train$overall <- tr.review.asin[1:6500,]$overall
model <- rpart(overall ~., data = train, method= 'class')
mypred <- predict(model, newdata =test, type = 'class')

When I am plotting obs_test and mypred I am getting the following plot:

Plot obs_test and mypred

Unfortunately I don't have an idea if the last lines will guide me to a solution.

I would like to have a procedure where I can test how well my model is forecasting (comparison between real overall rating and predicted rating).

Answer 1

so it completely slipped my attention that you are actually dealing with a classification problem and not with regression. hence a complete edit.

to see how well a classification tree one would want to know how many instances (in the test data) were misclassified, ie the assigned class was not the same as the observed class. it is also informative to see how well the prediction model works on each individual class. using confusionMatrix function from the caret package you can do the following:

 install.packages(`caret`)
 library(caret)

 mypred <- predict(model, newdata =test, type = 'class')
 obs <- tr.review.asin[6501:7561,]$overall

 confusionMatrix(obs, mypred)

you will get a confusion matrix and some stats as output. confusion matrix tells you on how many instances predictions and observations coincide for each class -- these will be values on the diagonal. in general ij th entry of the matrix will tell you how many instances were classified as j whilst the real class was i .

in the Overall Statistics section of the confusionMatrix output you will see Accuracy -- this is the percentage of the instances in the test set that were classified correctly.

next in the Statistics by Class section the row named Pos Pred Value will tell you what percentage of onbservations in class x were classified correctly. there is a bunch of other useful statistics that the function outputs and you can read up on it on-line, for example here or here .

i hope this helps.