python unittest模拟不能处理部分合格的名称

Question

If I have two files with the following contents:

test_helper.py :

class Installer:
    def __init__(self, foo, bar, version):
        # Init stuff
        raise Exception('If we're here, mock didn't work')

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def __exit__(self, type, value, tb):
        # cleanup
        pass

    def install(self):
        # Install stuff
        raise Exception('If we're here, mock didn't work')

And test.py :

import unittest
from mock import patch
from test_helper import Installer

class Deployer:
    def deploy(self):
        with Installer('foo', 'bar', 1) as installer:
            installer.install()

class DeployerTest(unittest.TestCase):
    @patch('tests.test_helper.Installer', autospec=True)
    def testInstaller(self, mock_installer):
        deployer = Deployer()
        deployer.deploy()
        mock_installer.assert_called_once_with('foo', 'bar', 1)

The code above doesn't test correctly. The mock is not applied properly:

  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/mock-1.3.0-py2.7.egg/mock/mock.py", line 947, in assert_called_once_with
    raise AssertionError(msg)
AssertionError: Expected 'Installer' to be called once. Called 0 times.

If I make the following changes in test.py :

1. Change from test_helper import Installer to import test_helper , and
2. Change with Installer('foo', 'bar', 1) as installer: to with test_helper.Installer('foo', 'bar', 1) as installer:

The code then works. Why does the mock only apply when I use the fully qualified name? Is it supposed to work in the partially-qualified case?

Answer 1

You are testing your Deployer class inside test.py , which is calling Installer . This installer is what you want to mock. So, your decorator should be with respect to that.

I don't know where you are testing from exactly. But as an example, if you are running your test from the same level as test.py , then you can simply do this to your decorator and it should work:

import unittest

from dower import Installer
from mock import patch

class Deployer:
    def deploy(self):
        with Installer('foo', 'bar', 1) as installer:
            installer.install()

class DeployerTest(unittest.TestCase):
    @patch('test.Installer', autospec=True)
    def testInstaller(self, mock_installer):
        deployer = Deployer()
        deployer.deploy()
        mock_installer.assert_called_once_with('foo', 'bar', 1)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

Note: You should not be mocking within the Installer module. You don't care about Installer in this case. Just that it returns your Mock , so you can continue testing the behaviour of your Deployer . Think of it that way, and you will realize why you have to mock with respect to what you are testing.