如何在R中绘制成对的成组分组的条形图？

Question

I have a dataframe as:

Sex Tissue  Stage   Mean    SE
M   X   Larva   9.2 1.3
F   X   Larva   8.4 1.1
M   Y   Larva   9.2 1.4
F   Y   Larva   7.4 0.3
M   X   Pupa    2.1 0.1
F   X   Pupa    5.3 0.2
M   Y   Pupa    9.5 0.5
F   Y   Pupa    2.5 0.1
M   Z   Pupa    6.3 0.4
F   Z   Pupa    9.2 1.1
M   X   Adult   1.2 0.1
F   X   Adult   3.1 0.2
M   Y   Adult   6.3 0.5
F   Y   Adult   9.2 0.6
M   Z   Adult   1.2 0.1
F   Z   Adult   2.3 0.1

How can I create a bar graph formatted as shown below (but also with standard error bars too) where all of the M's are the same color and all of the F's are the same colour?

100 |               _     _ _    _         
    |  _   _       | |  _| | |  | |  _   _  
    | | | | |_     | |_| | | |  | | | | | |  
Mean| | |_| | |   _| | | | | |  | | | | | |_
    | | | | | |  | | | | | | |  | |_| |_| | |
 0  |_|_|_|_|_|__|_|_|_|_|_|_|__|_|_|_|_|_|_|_
       M F M F    M F M F M F    M F M F M F
        X   Y      X   Y   Z      X   Y   Z 
        Larva         Pupa          Adult

Data

dd <- read.table(header = TRUE, text = "Sex Tissue  Stage   Mean    SE
M   X   Larva   9.2 1.3
F   X   Larva   8.4 1.1
M   Y   Larva   9.2 1.4
F   Y   Larva   7.4 0.3
M   X   Pupa    2.1 0.1
F   X   Pupa    5.3 0.2
M   Y   Pupa    9.5 0.5
F   Y   Pupa    2.5 0.1
M   Z   Pupa    6.3 0.4
F   Z   Pupa    9.2 1.1
M   X   Adult   1.2 0.1
F   X   Adult   3.1 0.2
M   Y   Adult   6.3 0.5
F   Y   Adult   9.2 0.6
M   Z   Adult   1.2 0.1
F   Z   Adult   2.3 0.1")

Answer 1

Here's a ggplot2 version. The code below places "F" or "M" below each bar. You can also choose not to include these letters and instead place a legend next to the plot.

library(ggplot2)

dd$Stage = factor(dd$Stage, levels=c("Larva","Pupa","Adult"))

pd = position_dodge(0.9)

ggplot(dd, aes(Tissue, Mean, colour=Sex)) + 
  geom_bar(stat="identity", position=pd, fill="grey95", lwd=1) +
  geom_text(aes(label=Sex, y=-0.5), position=pd, size=3.5) +
  geom_errorbar(aes(ymin=Mean - SE, ymax=Mean + SE), width=0.1, position=pd) +
  facet_grid(. ~ Stage, switch="x", scales="free_x", space="free_x") +
  theme_bw() +
  theme(strip.background=element_rect(fill=NA, colour=NA),
        strip.text.x=element_text(size=12)) +
  scale_y_continuous(limits=c(-0.5, max(dd$Mean + dd$SE))) +
  guides(fill=FALSE, colour=FALSE) +
  labs(x="")

Answer 2

Here's a base r version

dd$Stage <- factor(dd$Stage, levels = unique(dd$Stage))

bp <- barplot(dd$Mean, space = c(0, diff(as.numeric(dd$Stage)) != 0),
              col = c('tomato','dodgerblue2')[as.numeric(dd$Sex)],
              names.arg = dd$Sex, las = 1)
arrows(bp, dd$Mean, bp, dd$Mean + dd$SE,
       angle = 90, code = 3, xpd = NA, length = .1)

## text
tt <- tapply(bp, list(dd$Tissue, dd$Stage), mean)
text(c(tt), -2.5, labels = rownames(tt), xpd = NA)

tt <- tapply(bp, list(dd$Stage), mean)
text(c(tt), -3.5, labels = names(tt), xpd = NA)