scipy错误：没有名为“ imsave”的模块

Question

I am using the scipy module's imread and imsave utilities. I get the following error:

No module named imsave .

I did a little googling and figured that the error was due to PIL/Pillow not being installed. I do:

sudo pip install Pillow.

I get the following message:

Requirement already satisfied: Pillow in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages .

I am importing scipy's misc functionality to use the imread and imsave function.

    import scipy.misc
    import numpy as np
    I = np.load('image.npy')
    scipy.misc.imsave('test_image.jpg',I) #The error pops up here
    J = scipy.misc.imread('test_image.jpg')

I reinstalled scipy after this. I still get the No module named error.

EDIT 1: To make things clear, I uninstalled PIL by following this link . I then uninstalled scipy. But, when I run sudo apt install python-scipy python-pil , it says that pil is already the latest. However, it is not in the path /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-package .

EDIT 2: To answer Mark Mikofski's questions: I am using Python from the Terminal. I run the file from the Terminal.

    `which python` 

gives me the following output

    `/home/raghuram/bin/python`. 

Importing sys and doing what you tell gives the list of following outputs:

    /home/raghuram/lib/python2.7
    /home/raghuram/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu
    /home/raghuram/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
    /home/raghuram/lib/python2.7/lib-old
    /home/raghuram/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
    /usr/lib/python2.7
    /usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu
    /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
    /home/raghuram/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
    /home/raghuram/lib/python2.7/site-packages

Scipy's version is 0.19.0

Answer 1

尝试通过以下方式通过conda安装Pillow ：

conda install Pillow

Answer 2

Hi @Raghuram ,

Welcome to StackOverflow! Thanks you for asking your question, and I hope that you find an answer. Here are some links to asking questions from the StackOverflow help center :

• Your question might be off-topic because it has to do software on a particular plaform, so it might be better suited to askUbuntu or SuperUser
• Your question doesn't have any code in it , and it also doesn't have minimum, complete and verifiable example . See the comments that ask about what version of Python and scipy you're using , how you installed them (Anaconda, system, etc?) and what platform you are on (Ubuntu? 16.04LTS?) and what code you used (how did you import scipy?) .
• Although you mentioned you did some Googling, your question lacks a sense of rigor - see "How do I ask a good question? . EG . Provide links to the sites you searched from which you obtained your attempted solution (to install the Pillow/PIL fork) - this link could be useful to someone else with a similar issue, even though it didn't help you.

Suggested solution

From your answer it appears that you are not using the system Python in /usr/lib/python2.7 and that your packages have been installed using the --prefix installation scheme into /home/raghuram and /home/raghuram/local/ .

Unfortunately, pip will not use wheels if it gets --install-option so you will have to install BLAS first.

$ sudo apt install gfortran libblas-dev liblapack-dev libatlas-dev

Then try to use the --install-option with pip to pass the --prefix option to install.

$ pip install --install-option="--prefix=/home/raghuram/" numpy scipy pillow

Another perhaps easier option is to see where your python interpreter thinks site-packages should go. To do this, import site and call site.getsitepackages() . If /home/raghuram is in that list, then chances are you can just call pip from Python as a module using the -m option.

$ python -m pip install numpy scipy pillow

Finally, if all else fails, you can fall back on distutils, but this is tricky because you can't mix the scipy/numpy BLAS dependencies. They can only be either ATLAS, OpenBLAS, MKL, or etc., not a mix. To see what you are using, first import scipy numpy and then call numpy.show_configs() and scipy.show_configs() . It get's even trickier from here because you need to edit the setup.cfg to tell numpy/scipy where your BLAS is, so let's assume that you can remove both of these and start from scratch. First install the dependencies from your distro's repo; I think by default they will always build with ATLAS.

$ sudo apt install gfortran libblas-dev liblapack-dev libatlas-dev

Then download the numpy and scipy zip files from PyPI and extract. For each you need to enter the extracted folder and run:

$ python setup.py install --prefix=~

Now try to use scipy.misc.imsave like their help docstring example

>>> import numpy as np
>>> from scipy.misc import imsave
>>> help(imsave)  # view docstring
>>> # then hit q key to return to interpreter
>>> x = np.zeros((255, 255))
>>> x = np.zeros((255, 255), dtype=np.uint8)
>>> x[:] = np.arange(255)
>>> imsave('gradient.png', x)    
>>> rgb = np.zeros((255, 255, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
>>> rgb[..., 0] = np.arange(255)
>>> rgb[..., 1] = 55
>>> rgb[..., 2] = 1 - np.arange(255)
>>> imsave('rgb_gradient.png', rgb)

NB : you can always search for Ubuntu packages online or using apt search .

PS IMO you should probably remove any packages you've installed to system python using sudo pip and IMO never do that again. Check in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages .

PPS IMHO you should never install Python packages on Linux using sudo , instead either install from the software repository of your distro using apt or yum , install using the pip --user option or create a Python virtual environment with virtualenv . See my AskUbuntu answer .