[英]Shell script: How to save loop output to array
This is my simple shell script. 这是我简单的shell脚本。 The objective is to split string "RANDOM948" as array so that I can manipulate any character in string "RANDOM948".
目的是将字符串“ RANDOM948”拆分为数组,以便我可以操纵字符串“ RANDOM948”中的任何字符。
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ cat -n longscript.sh
1 string="RANDOM948"
2
3 c1=${string:0:1}
4 c2=${string:1:1}
5 c3=${string:2:1}
6 c4=${string:3:1}
7 c5=${string:4:1}
8 c6=${string:5:1}
9 c7=${string:6:1}
10 c8=${string:7:1}
11 c9=${string:8:1}
12
13 echo $c9 $c4 $c1
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ ./longscript.sh
8 D R
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$
I believe this can be simplify by using for
loop. 我相信可以通过使用
for
循环来简化此过程。 This is my attempt. 这是我的尝试。 However, I have no idea how to save the loop output as array.
但是,我不知道如何将循环输出保存为数组。
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ cat -n testscript.sh
1 string="RANDOM948"
2
3 for i in {1..9}
4 do
5 echo c$i=$\{string:`expr $i - 1`:1}
6 done
7
8 # echo $c9 $c4 $c1
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ ./testscript.sh
c1=${string:0:1}
c2=${string:1:1}
c3=${string:2:1}
c4=${string:3:1}
c5=${string:4:1}
c6=${string:5:1}
c7=${string:6:1}
c8=${string:7:1}
c9=${string:8:1}
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$
UPDATE: New code as advised by @sos 更新:@sos建议的新代码
I've updated this code with new line (5 & 6), however it still doesn't work 我已经用新行(5&6)更新了此代码,但是仍然无法正常工作
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ cat -n testscript.sh
1 string="RANDOM948"
2
3 for i in {1..9}
4 do
5 typeset -a c
6 c[${i}]=$\{string:`expr $i - 1`:1}
7 done
8
9 echo TEST OUTPUT $c9 $c4 $c1
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ ./testscript.sh
TEST OUTPUT
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$
replace 更换
echo c${i}
with 同
typeset -a c # declare a indexed array
c[${i}]=...
you will do yourself and others a favor if you identify what is running your script by using a shebang line eg 如果您使用shebang行识别正在运行脚本的内容,那么您将对自己和其他人有所帮助,例如
#!/bin/bash
as the first line in your script. 作为脚本的第一行。 In any case, the below example may help you.
无论如何,以下示例可能会对您有所帮助。
cat ./looptest.sh
note the #!
注意
#!
line.... 线....
#!/bin/bash
for i in {0..9}
do
myArray[$i]="hello_$i"
echo set the value of myArray[$i]
done
echo the value of myArray[4] is ${myArray[4]}
Here's the output: 这是输出:
set the value of myArray[0]
set the value of myArray[1]
set the value of myArray[2]
set the value of myArray[3]
set the value of myArray[4]
set the value of myArray[5]
set the value of myArray[6]
set the value of myArray[7]
set the value of myArray[8]
set the value of myArray[9]
the value of myArray[4] is hello_4
Here's what I get 这就是我得到的
set -x
for i in {1..9}
do
c[${i}]=${string:`expr $i - 1`:1}
done
set +x
+ expr 1 - 1
+ c[1]=R
+ expr 2 - 1
+ c[2]=A
+ expr 3 - 1
+ c[3]=N
+ expr 4 - 1
+ c[4]=D
+ expr 5 - 1
+ c[5]=O
+ expr 6 - 1
+ c[6]=M
+ expr 7 - 1
+ c[7]=9
+ expr 8 - 1
+ c[8]=4
+ expr 9 - 1
+ c[9]=8
Note: It's considered "unusual" to begin an array index at 1 rather than 0 注意:从1而不是0开始的数组索引被认为是“不寻常的”
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