无法在 Windows 上安装 Fiona

Question

I've done a software on Ubuntu, and I'm having several problems running this software on Windows.

My biggest issue point now is that I'm trying to install "fiona" - I have it already installed on my PIP packages - but for some reason it's not working.

So I've tried to install it via setup download from the original repository .

By following the rules: using python setup.py install

I've already added some environment variables as:

GDAL_DATA GDAL_DRIVER_PATH 

and beyond that I've added on variable PATH the path of GDAL

There's another way to do it, by using another command but I don't how would it be

gdal include files

gdal library

python setup.py build_ext -I<path to gdal include files> -lgdal_i -L<path to gdal library> install --gdalversion 2.1

My current version of GDAL is GDAL 1.11.4, released 2016/01/25

I'd already tried with 2.3 etc. and it didn't work.

I've tried using only this command:

python setup.py install --gdalversion 1.11

fiona/_geometry.c(578) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'ogr_api.h ': No such file or directory

Which results when I try to use a software that has fiona, I receive the following error:

    import fiona
  File "C:\Python27\fiona\__init__.py", line 81, in <module>
    from fiona.collection import Collection, BytesCollection
  File "C:\Python27\fiona\collection.py", line 9, in <module>
    from fiona.ogrext import Iterator, ItemsIterator, KeysIterator
ImportError: No module named ogrext

Answer 1

When building from source on Windows, it is important to know that setup.py cannot rely on gdal-config, which is only present on UNIX systems. On Windows, these paths need to be provided by the user. You will need to find the include files and the library files for gdal and use setup.py

The GDAL DLL files and gdal-data directory need to be in your Windows PATH otherwise building Fiona will fail to work.

Follow below steps to install Fiona and geopandas on windows

Step 1: Download the Fiona wheel from this website. please pick the .whl package that correlates with your python interpreter as well system build (ie 32 bit or 64 bit)

Step 2: Install fiona by using pip install path/to/fiona.whl

Step 3: Install geopandas by using 'pip install geopandas'

Answer 2

To install Fiona on windows, you need to follow the below-mentioned steps: -

1. You need to install GDAL wheel file using the link . After visiting this link, download this file named GDAL‑3.0.4‑cp37‑cp37m‑win32.whl since it worked for me and then use the command

pip install c:\Users\........\GDAL‑3.0.4‑cp37‑cp37m‑win32.whl

to successfully install GDAL which is the requirement of Geopandas.

2. After installing the GDAL, you need to install a Fiona wheel file using the link . Upon visiting this link, download the file named Fiona‑1.8.13‑cp37‑cp37m‑win32.whl since it is the supported wheel file for most of the windows users. After downloading this file, use the command

pip install c:\Users\........\Fiona‑1.8.13‑cp37‑cp37m‑win32.whl

NOTE: If the above-mentioned wheel file doesn't work for you, then try using alternate wheel files.

Answer 3

Finally after 6 hours of trying like crazy for installing Fiona. I will try to make it as simple as possible. Most of the guide are taken from here How to install GDAL

Download the required gdal file here:

1) https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#gdal

2) Then you can install the wheel file:

python.exe -m pip install GDAL-2.2.4-cp35-cp35m-win_amd64.whl

3) Add Environment Variable with the name GDAL_DATA and value =

C:\Users\yourUserName\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\Lib\site-packages\osgeo\data\gdal

4) In most cases we require Visual C++ build tools. Install only the build tools and launch or download c++ visual studio from official link, Link to shortcut download from here:

Visual C++ 2015 Build Tools

5) Now install suitable fiona wheel from here here

and run: pip install C:/path/to/Fiona‑1.8.4‑cp37‑cp37m‑win32.whl

6) run pip install fiona

Answer 4

You can use conda to install fiona. This is what I did:

1. Make a virtual environment in Anaconda Navigator and install GDAL into this environement through the GUI.
2. Install shapely with pip install shapely
3. install finona with conda install -c conda-forge fiona

This worked for me.

Answer 5

I used conda-forge to install Fiona, but if this isn't an option for you, try using pipwin instead:

pip install pipwin

pipwin install fiona

I also used pipwin install geopandas and pipwin install gdal to get those libraries imported.

Answer 6

The best way to deal with Fiona Package is using conda. I was facing same issue on Windows while was trying to install geopandas through:

pip3 install geopandas

So, to fix installation failure due to Fiona needing additional packages needed to compile I used:

conda install geopandas

Answer 7

This worked for me in this exact order:

pip install pipwin

pipwin install gdal

pipwin install fiona

pip install geopandas

Everything else did not work for me. Using the wheels did not work because of "ERROR: GDAL‑3.4.3‑pp38‑pypy38_pp73‑win_amd64.whl is not a valid wheel filename.". Hope this helps someone.

Answer 8

The best way is to use pipwin for installing gdal and then fiona. Alternative option is to use pyogrio instead of fiona.

Answer 9

You have to follow these steps:

Step One: Download GDAL from here (You should choose the package that fits your architecture, amd64 for winx64 for example, and that fits your python version, cp39 for python3.9 for example)

Step Two: Download Fiona from here

Step Three: Install both with:

pip install C:\Path\to\package.whl

Step four: pip install geopandas