如何使用Python 3获取文件的正确绝对路径？

Question

I am trying to get the absolute path of a file, but it's not working. My Code is only showing the path to the directory of my running code . This are the two way I have tried:

1)

import os
print(os.path.abspath("More_Types.py"))

2)

import os
print(os.path.realpath("More_Types.py"))

But I continue to get the full path to my running program. How can I get the correct path to file, that is located some where else in my Computer?

PS: I am sorry I can't provide the output because it will reveal all the folders to my running program.

Answer 1

More_Types.py , subdir/More_Types.py and ../More_Types.py are relative paths.

Outcome

If you provide a relative path, realpath and abspath will return an absolute path relative to the current working directory. So essentially, they behave like os.path.join with the current working directory as first argument:

>>> import os.path
>>> os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'More_Types.py') == os.path.abspath('More_Types.py')
True

This explains, why you get the result you explained.

Explanation

The purpose of abspath is to convert a relative path into an absolute path:

>>> os.path.abspath('More_Types.py')
'/home/meisterluk/More_Types.py'

Unlike abspath , relpath also follows symbolic links. Technically, this is dangerous and can get you caught up in infinite loops (if a link points to any of its parent directories):

>>> os.path.abspath('More_Types.py')
'/net/disk-user/m/meisterluk/More_Types.py'

Proposed solution

However, if you want to retrieve the absolute path relative to some other directory, you can use os.path.join directly:

>>> directory = '/home/foo'
>>> os.path.join(directory, 'More_Types.py')
'/home/foo/More_Types.py'
>>>

I think the best answer to your question is: You need to specify the directory the file is in. Then you can use os.path.join to create an absolute filepath.

Answer 2

You could use this if you want:

import os
a='MoreTypes.py'

for root , dirs , files in os.walk('.') :

    for file in files:
        if file==a:
            print(os.path.join(root,file))