使用 spyder 进行 Python 分析：成分的时间总和不等于函数的总时间

Question

I am profiling my python code using Spyder IDE.

As you can see in the screenshot below, it took 1.20 min = 80 sec for the _get_loglik_seq function to execute. However, the timing of various functions/procedures that constitutes this function are the following: solve_EV = 29.78s, c_get_gamma = 10.12 sec, norm = 6.57 sec, outer = 4.70 sec, <method dot ... : 2.17 sec, all others: <1 sec.

If one sums up these times, the result will be about 54 s, which is way smaller than 80s.

How is it possible? Is it a profiler bug or did I miss something? Can anyone suggest a good tool for Python code profiling? (I am working on Mac OS)

Thanks, Mikhail

Answer 1

The reason is the following:

Total time = execution time of the function, including all the sub-functions.

Local time = execution time of the function without it's sub-functions.

Therefore, if a function p calls subfunctions s1 , s2 , s3 , then:

ToTtime(p)=ToTtime(s1)+ToTtime(s2)+ToTtime(s3)+Localtime(p),

which approximately holds.