如何在Typescript中的泛型对象接口中描述？

Question

I have objects like this:

{
  classNames: {
    foo: 'foo',
    ....
    bar: 'bar'
  },
  method1: () => {....},
  method2: () => {....},
  stringKey1: 'stringKey1',
  ...
  stringKeyN: 'stringKeyN',
}

I need to describe a function parameter for function

function func1(myObj) { ... }

My description has failed

interface IMyObject {
  classNames: [key: string]: string;
  method1: Function;
  method2: Function;
  [key: string]: string | undefined;
}

errors:

• Property 'classNames' of type '[any, string]' is not assignable to string index type 'string'.
• Property 'method1' of type 'Function' is not assignable to string index type 'string'.
• Property 'method2' of type 'Function' is not assignable to string index type 'string'.

Answer 1

Your problem is caused by attempting to specify the indexed type alongside "exceptions" to that type.

If you look at the below code (which should be what you are after) - if the Example interface had the index signature, it would conflict with the other members. For example method1 doesn't conform to this: [index: string]: string;

interface Example {
    classNames: { [index: string]: string; };
    method1: () => void;
    method2: () => void;
}

interface Example1 {
    [index: string]: string;
}

type ExampleUnion = Example | Example1;

const x: ExampleUnion = {
  classNames: {
    foo: 'foo',
    bar: 'bar'
  },
  method1: () => {},
  method2: () => {},
  stringKey1: 'stringKey1',
  stringKeyN: 'stringKeyN',
}

Now this causes you issues on access, because the two interfaces are still in conflict. You could solve that with custom type guards, but a different shape would resolve all your problems in one go:

interface Example {
    classNames: { [index: string]: string; };
    propertyBag: { [index: string]: string; };
    method1: () => void;
    method2: () => void;
}

const x: Example = {
  classNames: {
    foo: 'foo',
    bar: 'bar'
  },
  method1: () => {},
    method2: () => { },
    propertyBag: {
        stringKey1: 'stringKey1',
        stringKeyN: 'stringKeyN',
    }
}