Catan：使用Python 3.x将骰子卷与拥有的资源相关联

Question

I would like to enter the number rolled on two six-sided dice and print out only the owned resources associated with that number.

In the game Settlers of Catan, up to three assets (settlements and cities) can be built on any one of 19 hexagonal resource grids corresponding to the numbers rolled using two six-sided die (2-12). The numbers 2 and 12 are represented once on the gameboard, while 3-11 are represented twice.

Currently, my program allows the operator to update the R[num] matrices to reflect the Blue/Red/Orange/White players' ownership of the stated resource once a settlement (value=1 resource, default) or city (value=2 resource) has been built on that particular hexadecimal grid.

#! Python 3.x
R2 = [ ['color', '1', 'sheep'], ['color', '1', 'sheep'], ['color', '1', 'sheep'] ]
R3 = [ ['color', '1', 'wood'], ['color', '1', 'wood'], ['color', '1', 'wood'],
['color', '1', 'stone'], ['color', '1', 'stone'], ['color', '1', 'stone'] ]
R4 = [ ['color', '1', 'hay'], ['color', '1', 'hay'], ['color', '1', 'hay'],
['color', '1', 'sheep'], ['color', '1', 'sheep'], ['color', '1', 'sheep'] ]
R5 = [ ['color', '1', 'brick'], ['color', '1', 'brick'], ['color', '1', 'brick'],
['color', '1', 'sheep'], ['color', '1', 'sheep'], ['color', '1', 'sheep'] ]
R6 = [ ['color', '1', 'hay'], ['color', '1', 'hay'], ['color', '1', 'hay'],
['color', '1', 'brick'], ['color', '1', 'brick'], ['color', '1', 'brick'] ]
R7 = ['You\'ve been robbed!']
R8 = [ ['color', '1', 'wood'], ['color', '1', 'wood'], ['color', '1', 'wood'],
['color', '1', 'stone'], ['color', '1', 'stone'], ['color', '1', 'stone'] ]
R9 = [ ['color', '1', 'hay'], ['color', '1', 'hay'], ['color', '1', 'hay'],
['color', '1', 'wood'], ['color', '1', 'wood'], ['color', '1', 'wood'] ]
R10 = [ ['color', '1', 'brick'], ['color', '1', 'brick'], ['color', '1', 'brick'],
['color', '1', 'stone'], ['color', '1', 'stone'], ['color', '1', 'stone'] ]
R11 = [ ['color', '1', 'wood'], ['color', '1', 'wood'], ['color', '1', 'wood'],
['color', '1', 'sheep'], ['color', '1', 'sheep'], ['color', '1', 'sheep'] ]
R12 = [ ['color', '1', 'hay'], ['color', '1', 'hay'], ['color', '1', 'hay'] ]

dict = {2:R2, 3:R3, 4:R4, 5:R5, 6:R6, 7:R7, 8:R8, 9:R9, 10:R10, 11:R11, 12:R12}

def main():
    while True:
        while True:
            try:
                roll = input('Input rolled number or enter zero(0) to quit: ')
                roll = int(roll)
                break
            except ValueError:
                print('\'', roll, '\' is not a valid number! Please try again.\n')
        if roll == 0: break 
        elif roll < 2:
            print('You entered:', roll, '\n\n' 'Please enter a number between 2 and 12.')
        elif roll > 12:
            print('You entered:', roll, '\n\n' 'Please enter a number between 2 and 12.')
        else:
            print('You entered:', roll,'\n')
            for x in dict[roll]:
                print(x)
        print('\n')
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

What I would like this program to do is only display the owned resources for a given roll of the dice.

For example*, if the Blue player owned one settlement on the #2 resource (sheep), and the Red player owned one city on the same resource, then when a 2 was rolled, the program would display something like:

Blue, 1, sheep

Red, 2, sheep

Thank you for taking the time to consider this matter.

*R2=[['Blue', '1', 'sheep'], ['Red', '2', 'sheep'], ['color', '1', 'sheep']]

Answer 1

As I understand it, you want to pretty-print resource lists only if the resources are owned by one of the players.

The simplest way to do this is to put the players' names into a collection, and check the team name in the resource list for that name when processing the dice roll.

As the number of team names is small, we can just use a tuple or list to hold them. If the number of names was large then a set or frozenset would be a better choice, because finding items in sequences like tuples or lists takes time in proportion to their length, but for sets lookup time is not affected by the number of elements.

TEAMS = ("Blue", "Orange", "Red", "White")

To pretty-print the lists, use the join method of strings to make a string consisting of each part of the resource, separated by a comma and a space.

        for color, count, resource in dict[roll]:
            if color in TEAMS:
                pretty = ", ".join((color, count, resource))
                print(pretty)

Expanding the resource list into color, count, resource is called unpacking, and it helps make the code more readable. Without unpacking you would write

        for x in dict[roll]:
            if x[0] in TEAMS:
                pretty = ", ".join(x)
                print(pretty)

This is slightly trickier to read, because you need to remember the structure of x , rather than it being clear from the variable names.

Speaking of variable names, try to not to overwrite the names of builtin functions, like dict , in your code: it will confuse readers of your code, possibly including yourself.

The practice of selecting items from a collection is known as filtering , and Python provides a builtin function - filter to make this easier to code. filter accepts a function that returns True for selectable items and False for others, and the collection that you want to filter. Using, filter , the code would look like this:

def selecter(status):
    color, item, team = status
    return color in TEAMS

    for status in filter(selecter, dict[roll]):
        pretty = ", ".join(status)
        print(pretty)

For simple functions like selecter , it's common to use a lambda instead; a lambda is a limited kind of function that's useful in situations where you don't need to reuse the function, and so don't want it to clutter up your code.

Using a lambda, the code would look like this:

        # You can't unpack a tuple in a lambda :-(
        for status in filter(lambda x: x[0] in TEAMS, dict[roll]):
            pretty = ", ".join(status)
            print(pretty)