如何在 Fedora 上安装旧版本的 gcc

Question

I tried to install CUDA on Fedora 31 but got stuck at the last step because CUDA officially supports Fedora 29 (gcc 8.2) while the version shipped with Fedora 31 is 9.2, I then installed Pytorch with CUDA support and without much surprise, CUDA support is not present:

>>> import torch
>>> device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
>>> device
device(type='cpu')

I then tried to search for gcc, g++ and gfortran on pkgs , but got stuck in a dependency hell, something like:

sudo dnf install gcc-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm gcc-gfortran-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm gcc-c++-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm -y

Error: 
 Problem 1: conflicting requests
  - nothing provides cpp = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
  - nothing provides libgomp = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
 Problem 2: conflicting requests
  - nothing provides libgfortran = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-gfortran-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
  - nothing provides libquadmath = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-gfortran-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
  - nothing provides libquadmath-devel = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-gfortran-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
 Problem 3: conflicting requests
  - nothing provides libstdc++ = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-c++-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
  - nothing provides libstdc++-devel = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-c++-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64

I found a bunch helpful links on this post but unfortunately the last version is gcc 7.3 My last option is building from source, but apart from that is there any other option? I'm not sure my computer can handle the compilation in a decent amount of time.

Answer 1

Build gcc-8.2.0

# dnf install gcc-c++ flex bison binutils-devel elfutils-devel elfutils-libelf-devel texinfo doxygen zlib-devel
tar xvf gcc-8.2.0.tar.xz 
cd gcc-8.2.0/
tar xvf mpfr-4.0.2.tar.xz && mv -v mpfr-4.0.2 mpfr
tar xvf gmp-6.1.2.tar.xz && mv -v gmp-6.1.2 gmp
tar xvf mpc-1.1.0.tar.gz && mv -v mpc-1.1.0 mpc
cd ../
mkdir build-gcc820
cd build-gcc820/
../gcc-8.2.0/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc82 --program-suffix=82 --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran --disable-multilib --disable-libstdcxx-pch --with-system-zlib
make 
# make install

Result: gcc82-c++-8.2.0-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qGPvF9jc6CiI1a0-c3I4Zj4vxajEwSzc/view?usp=sharing Provides /usr/bin/{gcc8, g++8, gfortran8}

Install: # dnf install Downloads/gcc82-c++-8.2.0-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm

Answer 2

Offline GCC4.4.4 installation

• Download the RMP package from https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/archive/fedora/linux/releases/13/Fedora/x86_64/os/Packages/
• Then Run below rpm command

How to install GCC4.4.4 or GCC444 by replace the new version using RMP package?

• GCC444 RMP dependence and order of input file.
• then:

sudo rpm -ivh --force gcc-4.4.4-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm gmp-4.3.1-6.fc13.x86_64.rpm gmp-devel-4.3.1-6.fc13.x86_64.rpm gcc-c++-4.4.4-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.fc12.x86_64.rpm cpp-4.4.4-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm glibc-2.12-1.x86_64.rpm glibc-common-2.12-1.x86_64.rpm glibc-devel-2.12-1.x86_64.rpmglibc-headers-2.12-1.x86_64.rpm kernel-headers-2.6.33.3-85.fc13.x86_64.rpm libgcc-4.4.4-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm libstdc++-4.4.4-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm libgomp-4.4.4-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm mpfr-2.4.2-1.fc13.x86_64.rpm ppl-0.10.2-10.fc12.x86_64.rpm

You should have an output such as:

    warning: gcc-4.4.4-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID e8e                40fde: NOKEY
    Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
    Updating / installing...
       1:libgcc-4.4.4-2.fc13              ################################# [  6%]
       2:glibc-common-2.12-1              ################################# [ 12%]
       3:glibc-2.12-1                     warning: /etc/localtime created as /etc/lo                caltime.rpmnew
    warning: /etc/nsswitch.conf created as /etc/nsswitch.conf.rpmnew
    ################################# [ 18%]
       4:libstdc++-4.4.4-2.fc13           ################################# [ 24%]
       5:gmp-4.3.1-6.fc13                 ################################# [ 29%]
       6:mpfr-2.4.2-1.fc13                ################################# [ 35%]
       7:cpp-4.4.4-2.fc13                 ################################# [ 41%]
       8:ppl-0.10.2-10.fc12               ################################# [ 47%]
       9:cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.fc12          ################################# [ 53%]
      10:libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-2.fc13     ################################# [ 59%]
      11:libgomp-4.4.4-2.fc13             ################################# [ 65%]
      12:kernel-headers-2.6.33.3-85.fc13  ################################# [ 71%]
      13:glibc-headers-2.12-1             ################################# [ 76%]
      14:glibc-devel-2.12-1               ################################# [ 82%]
      15:gcc-4.4.4-2.fc13                 ################################# [ 88%]
      16:gcc-c++-4.4.4-2.fc13             ################################# [ 94%]
      17:gmp-devel-4.3.1-6.fc13           ################################# [100%]

You can assert you have what is expected with:

gcc --version

That gives:

    gcc (GCC) 4.4.4 20100503 (Red Hat 4.4.4-2)
    Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
    warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Answer 3

You can use one of the 3rd-party repo-agnostic package collections, such as Nixpkgs , Homebrew On Linux , or pkgsrc .

Out of these, I recommend avoiding Nixpkgs, because it tries to isolate you from libraries installed outside of itself, which sometimes makes sense (reproducible builds), but creates extra work for users in common scenarios.

I choose to use Homebrew On Linux for myself. First I installed Homebrew according to instructions on the site, and then

$ brew install 'gcc@10'
   [... installing ...]
$ which gcc-10
/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/gcc-10

Done, gcc-10 is available to me.