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使用配对或非配对 t 检验来确定温度均值的差异是否具有统计显着性？

[英]Use paired or unpaired t-test to determine whether the difference in temperature means is statistically significant?

原文 2019-11-19 20:27:18 3 1 python/ statistics/ analysis/ t-test

I am doing an analysis on whether there is a meaningful difference between the temperature in June and December in Hawaii.我正在分析夏威夷 6 月和 12 月的温度之间是否存在有意义的差异。 I first identify the average temperature in June at all stations across all available years in the dataset.我首先确定了数据集中所有可用年份的所有站点 6 月的平均温度。 I did the same for December temperature.我对十二月的温度做了同样的事情。 Now I have average temperatures for both june and december between the years of 2010-2017, shown below:现在我有 2010-2017 年间 6 月和 12 月的平均气温，如下所示：

The average temperature in June 2010 is 74.9908 F 2010 年 6 月的平均温度为 74.9908 F
The average temperature in June 2011 is 73.9024 F 2011 年 6 月的平均温度为 73.9024 F
The average temperature in June 2012 is 74.0888 F 2012 年 6 月的平均温度为 74.0888 F
The average temperature in June 2013 is 74.6405 F 2013 年 6 月的平均温度为 74.6405 F
The average temperature in June 2014 is 75.0717 F 2014 年 6 月的平均温度为 75.0717 F
The average temperature in June 2015 is 75.0356 F 2015 年 6 月的平均温度为 75.0356 F
The average temperature in June 2016 is 75.1348 F ——————————————————————————— 2016 年 6 月平均气温为 75.1348 F ——————————————————————————————
The average temperature in December 2010 is 73.125 F 2010 年 12 月的平均温度为 73.125 F
The average temperature in December 2011 is 68.75 F 2011 年 12 月的平均温度为 68.75 F
The average temperature in December 2012 is 70.1667 F 2012 年 12 月的平均温度为 70.1667 F
The average temperature in December 2013 is 73.1667 F 2013 年 12 月的平均温度为 73.1667 F
The average temperature in December 2014 is 71.625 F 2014 年 12 月的平均温度为 71.625 F
The average temperature in December 2015 is 73.6 F 2015 年 12 月的平均温度为 73.6 F
The average temperature in December 2016 is 73.7143 F 2016 年 12 月的平均温度为 73.7143 F

I now have to use a t-test to determine whether the difference in the means, if any, is statistically significant.我现在必须使用 t 检验来确定均值的差异（如果有的话）是否具有统计显着性。 Will I use a paired t-test, or an unpaired t-test?我将使用配对 t 检验还是非配对 t 检验？ Why?为什么？

I am unclear whether to use a paired or unpaired t-test.我不清楚是否使用配对或非配对 t 检验。 I know paired should be used for similar samples taken at different times (ie rat tumor size before and after treatment).我知道配对应该用于在不同时间采集的相似样本（即治疗前后的大鼠肿瘤大小）。 However, I am confused because the variable temperature is taken at two different times (June and December) at the same location (the average temperature recorded at all stations in Hawaii).但是，我很困惑，因为变量温度是在同一地点的两个不同时间（六月和十二月）采集的（夏威夷所有站点记录的平均温度）。 I am confused as to which t-test I use for this example and why I use it.我对我在这个例子中使用哪个 t 检验以及为什么使用它感到困惑。 Thank you.谢谢你。

1 个解决方案

This is more of a question for Cross Validated , the exchange for statistics.这更像是一个交叉验证的问题，即统计数据的交换。

That being said, at first glance, either type of t-test would suffice for a simple analysis.话虽如此，乍一看，任何一种 t 检验都足以进行简单的分析。 Using a paired t-test would account for variation in temperatures across years (at least to some degree).使用配对 t 检验将解释不同年份的温度变化（至少在某种程度上）。 Average temperatures and years are surely correlated.平均温度和年份肯定是相关的。