导入 keras 时获取 DLL 加载失败

Question

pip install keras

import keras gives the following error:

Using TensorFlow backend. ERROR:root:Internal Python error in the inspect module. Below is the traceback from this internal error. ERROR:root:Internal Python error in the inspect module. Below is the traceback from this internal error. Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 242, in load_module return load_dynamic(name, filename, file) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic return _load(spec) ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\IPython\\core\\interactiveshell.py", line 3296, in run_code exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns) File "", line 1, in import keras File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras__init__.py", line 3, in from . import utils File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\utils__init__.py", line 6, in from . import conv_utils File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\utils\\conv_utils.py", line 9, in from .. import backend as K File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\backend__init__.py", line 1, in from .load_backend import epsilon File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\backend\\load_backend.py", line 90, in from .tensorflow_backend import * File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\backend\\tensorflow_backend.py", line 5, in import tensorflow as tf File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 101, in from tensorflow_core import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core__init__.py", line 40, in from tensorflow.python.tools import module_util as _module_util File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 50, in getattr module = self._load() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-pac kages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 44, in _load module = _importlib.import_module(self. name ) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\importlib__init__.py", line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python__init__.py", line 49, in from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 74, in raise ImportError(msg) ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", lin e 24, in swig_import_helper _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 242, in load_module return load_dynamic(name, filename, file) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic return _load(spec) ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found. Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/errors for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace above this error message when asking for help.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\IPython\\core\\interactiveshell.py", line 2033, in showtraceback stb = value._render_traceback_() AttributeError: 'ImportError' object has no attribute '_render_traceback_'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 242, in load_module return load_dynamic(name, filename, file) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic return _load(spec) ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\IPython\\core\\ultratb.py", line 1095, in get_records return _fixed_getinnerframes(etb, number_of_lines_of_context, tb_offset) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\IPython\\core\\ultratb.py", line 313, in wrapped return f(*args, **kwargs) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\IPython\\core\\ultratb.py", line 347, in _fixed_getinnerframes records = fix_frame_records_filenames(inspect.getinnerframes(etb, context)) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\inspect.py", line 1502, in getinnerframes frameinfo = (tb.tb_frame,) + getframeinfo(tb, context) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\inspect.py", line 1460, in getframeinfo filename = getsourcefile(frame) or getfile(frame) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\inspect.py", line 696, in getsourcefile if getattr(getmodule(object, filename), ' loader ', None) is not None: File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\inspect.py", line 733, in getmodule if ismodu le(module) and hasattr(module, ' file '): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 50, in getattr module = self._load() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 44, in _load module = _importlib.import_module(self. name ) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\importlib__init__.py", line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "", line 1006, in _gcd_import File "", line 983, in _find_and_load File "", line 953, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed File "", line 1006, in _gcd_import File "", line 983, in _find_and_load File "", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "", line 677, in _load_unlocked File "", line 728, in exec_module File "", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core__init__.py", line 42, in from . _api.v2 import audio File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core_api\\v2\\audio__init__.py", line 10, in from tensorflow.python.ops.gen_audio_ops import decode_wav File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\ops\\gen_audio_ops.py", line 9, in from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow as _pywrap_tensorflow File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 50, in getattr module = self._load() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 44, in _load module = _importlib.import_module(self. name ) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\importlib__init__.py", line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python__init__.py", line 49, in from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow File "C:\\User s\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 74, in raise ImportError(msg) ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 242, in load_module return load_dynamic(name, filename, file) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic return _load(spec) ImportError: DLL l oad failed: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\IPython\\core\\interactiveshell.py", line 3296, in run_code exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns) File "", line 1, in import keras File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras__init__.py", line 3, in from . import utils File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\utils__init__.py", line 6, in from . import conv_utils File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\utils\\conv_utils.py", line 9, in from .. import backend as K File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\backend__init__.py", line 1, in from .load_backend import epsilon File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\backend\\load_backend.py", line 90, in from .tensorflow_backend import * File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\backend\\tensorflow_backend.py", line 5, in import tensorflow as tf File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 101, in from tensorflow_core import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core__init__.py", line 40, in from tensorflow.python.tools import module_util as _module_util File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 50, in getattr module = self._load() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-pac kages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 44, in _load module = _importlib.import_module(self. name ) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\importlib__init__.py", line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python__init__.py", line 49, in from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 74, in raise ImportError(msg) ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", lin e 24, in swig_import_helper _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 242, in load_module return load_dynamic(name, filename, file) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic return _load(spec) ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/errors

for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace above this error message when asking for help.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\IPython\\core\\interactiveshell.py", line 2033, in showtraceback stb = value._render_traceback_() AttributeError: 'ImportError' object has no attribute '_render_traceback_'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 242, in load_module return load_dynamic(name, filename, file) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic return _load(spec) ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found. Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime. See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/errors for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace above this error message when asking for help. Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 242, in load_module return load_dynamic(name, filename, file) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic return _load(spec) ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found. During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\IPython\\core\\interactiveshell.py", line 3296, in run_code exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns) File "", line 1, in import keras File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras__init__.py", line 3, in from . import utils File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\utils__init__.py", line 6, in from . import conv_utils File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\utils\\conv_utils.py", line 9, in from .. import backend as K File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\backend__init__.py", line 1, in from .load_backend import epsilon File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\backend\\load_backend.py", line 90, in from .tensorflow_backend import * File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\keras\\backend\\tensorflow_backend.py", line 5, in import tensorflow as tf File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 101, in from tensorflow_core import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core__init__.py", line 40, in from tensorflow.python.tools import module_util as _module_util File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 50, in getattr module = self._load() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-pac kages\\tensorflow__init__.py", line 44, in _load module = _importlib.import_module(self. name ) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\importlib__init__.py", line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python__init__.py", line 49, in from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 74, in raise ImportError(msg) ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", lin e 24, in swig_import_helper _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 242, in load_module return load_dynamic(name, filename, file) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic return _load(spec) ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found. Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime. See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/errors for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace above this error message when asking for help. During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python37\\site-packages\\tensorflow_core\\python\\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 242, in load_module return load_dynamic(name, filename, file) File "C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\lib\\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic return _load(spec) ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found. Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime. See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/errors for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace above this error message when asking for help.

Answer 1

Nothing to do with Keras, it's your installation of Tensorflow that's not correct. Try to run python -c 'import tensorflow' . It should fail in your current situation.

If you're using Tensorflow-GPU, installation of required third party software can be tricky. You'll find instructions here: https://www.tensorflow.org/install/gpu

For Tensorflow-CPU, installation may sometimes fail if your processor does not support AVX instructions (At a certain point, Tensorflow started to use AVX during build, so if your processor does not support it, import will crash). In this case, you need to install an older version.

I'm not sure but I think Tensorflow 1.12 is the latest version before they started to enable AVX. Give it a try with:

pip install tensorflow==1.12