R 开发工具无法安装 - Ubuntu 20.04 - package 或“pkgload”的命名空间加载失败

Question

I am pretty desperate to install.packages("devtools") . However it allways fails with this error

Error: .onLoad failed in loadNamespace() for 'pkgload', details:
  call: readRDS(nsInfoFilePath)
  error: error reading from connection
Execution halted
ERROR: lazy loading failed for package ‘devtools’
* removing ‘/home/bjoern/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/devtools’

Things I tried to fix this:

1. Add the dependencies = T argument
2. Following a suggestion by hadley wickham on github -> update rlang package
3. Try to run install.packages("pkgload") resulting in nearly exactly the same error (see below)
4. Completely removing R and reinstalling it
5. Additionally installing package following packages:
   • r-base-dev
   • r-cran-devtools
   • r-recommended
6. Updated all packages update.packages(ask = FALSE, checkBuilt = TRUE)

Error of install.packages("pkgload")

Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘pkgload’:
 .onLoad failed in loadNamespace() for 'pkgload', details:
  call: readRDS(nsInfoFilePath)
  error: error reading from connection
Error: loading failed
Execution halted
ERROR: loading failed

I digged even deeper to the pkgload (which at least I hope is the only reason for the problem). I will check if manually (re)installing all imports and suggests from the CRAN page of pkgload does solve it.

Imports: desc, methods, pkgbuild, rlang, rprojroot, rstudioapi, utils, withr
Suggests: bitops, covr, Rcpp, testthat

---

My sessionInfo() output:

 R version 3.6.3 (2020-02-29) Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit) Running under: Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Matrix products: default BLAS: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/blas/libblas.so.3.9.0 LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/lapack/liblapack.so.3.9.0 locale: [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C [3] LC_TIME=de_DE.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8 [5] LC_MONETARY=de_DE.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8 [7] LC_PAPER=de_DE.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C [9] LC_ADDRESS=C LC_TELEPHONE=C [11] LC_MEASUREMENT=de_DE.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C attached base packages: [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base loaded via a namespace (and not attached): [1] compiler_3.6.3 tools_3.6.3

I still refuse to belief that it is impossibe to install devtools on ubuntu20
However at this point I take any straw

Solution Edit:

In short what fixed the issue for me was installing testthat package before. Thanks to comment by rui-barradas

install.packages("testthat") install.packages("pkgload") install.packages("devtools")

Answer 1

I am also on Ubuntu 20.04 but running R 4.0.0.

When trying to install a package, if it depends on another that was installed prior to R 4.0.0 I get an error message and the installation fails. This happens even if I set dependencies = TRUE in the call to install.packages .

Example: The command was

install.packages('pkgload')

I omit the first output lines, saying that the file was downloaded. Then, the relevant part.

• installing source package 'pkgload'...
  ** package 'rcmdcheck' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
  ** using staged installation
  ** R
  ** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading Error: package 'testthat' was installed before R 4.0.0: please re-install it
  Execution halted ERROR: lazy loading failed for package 'pkgload'
• removing '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/pkgload'
• restoring previous '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/pkgload' Warning in install.packages: installation of package 'pkgload' had non-zero exit status The downloaded source packages are in
  '/tmp/RtmpVxpbs0/downloaded_packages'

Correct way.
The right way of installing package pkgload was to run the sequence

install.packages('testthat')
install.packages('pkgload')

and the problem was solved.

Note that with other packages, it already happened to see this be a recursive issue. Imagine that package testthat depended (which it does not) on another package installed prior to R 4.0.0.

Annoying but solvable.

sessionInfo()  
#R version 4.0.0 (2020-04-24)  
#Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)  
#Running under: Ubuntu 20.04 LTS  
#  
#Matrix products: default  
#BLAS:   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/blas/libblas.so.3.9.0  
#LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/lapack/liblapack.so.3.9.0  
#  
#locale:  
# [1] LC_CTYPE=pt_PT.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C                
#[3] LC_TIME=pt_PT.UTF-8        LC_COLLATE=pt_PT.UTF-8      
# [5] LC_MONETARY=pt_PT.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=pt_PT.UTF-8     
# [7] LC_PAPER=pt_PT.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                   
# [9] LC_ADDRESS=C               LC_TELEPHONE=C                
#[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=pt_PT.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C           
#  
#attached base packages:  
#[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets   
#[6] methods   base       
#  
#other attached packages:  
#[1] rvest_0.3.5       xml2_1.3.2        data.table_1.12.8  
#
#loaded via a namespace (and not attached):  

Answer 2

I had the same problems, and the solution was, at least in my case, Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS (Focal Fossa) + R 4.0.2:

First (from terminal), install:

Step 1: sudo apt-get update -y
Step 2: sudo apt-get install -y libxml2-dev

Then from RStudio (setRepositories first, and choose 8 repositories) and install both packages:

1. Install xml2 package

2. install devtools

And works for me.