[英]Is there an x86 instruction to create a core dump?
I have some x86 assembly code that I'm trying to debug.我有一些要调试的 x86 汇编代码。 I'd like to get a core dump so I can inspect what is going on.
我想要一个核心转储,这样我就可以检查发生了什么。 Is there an x86 instruction (or set of instructions) that will generate a core dump at a given point in a program?
是否有 x86 指令(或指令集)会在程序中的给定点生成核心转储? Is there a way to assemble the assembly to make it core dump if there is an error?
如果有错误,有没有办法组装程序集使其核心转储?
I am writing a compiler for a small lambda calculus following An Incremental Approach to Compiler Construction .我正在按照An Incremental Approach to Compiler Construction为小型 lambda 演算编写编译器。 I'm working now on implementing closures, and I need to issue an indirect jump.
我现在正在努力实现闭包,我需要发出间接跳转。 I'm trying to compile this code:
我正在尝试编译这段代码:
(labels ((f (code (n) () (+ n 1)))) (app (closure f) 3))
My compiler generates the following:我的编译器生成以下内容:
.text
.p2align 4,,15
.globl _scheme_entry
_scheme_entry:
movq %rdi, %r15
jmp _definition_end38349
_func_f38350:
movq $4, %rax
movq %rax, -16(%rsp)
movq -8(%rsp), %rax
addq -16(%rsp), %rax
ret
_definition_end38349:
movq $12, %rax
movq %rax, -24(%rsp)
movq %rdi, -8(%rsp)
leaq _func_f38350(%rip), %rax
movq %rax, 0(%r15)
movq %r15, %rax
orq $6, %rax
addq $8, %r15
xorq $6, %rax
movq %rax, %rdi
addq $8, %rsp
callq *%rdi
subq $8, %rsp
movq -8(%rsp), %rdi
ret
I have an accompanying driver file written in C that handles the formatting and display of the result of the compiled code.我有一个用 C 编写的随附驱动程序文件,用于处理编译代码结果的格式和显示。 For reference, here it is:
作为参考,这里是:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define fixnum_mask 3
#define fixnum_tag 0
#define fixnum_shift 2
#define data_mask 7
#define cons_tag 1
#define vector_tag 2
#define string_tag 3
#define symb_tag 5
#define closure_tag 6
#define empty_list 47
#define char_tag 15
#define char_mask 255
#define char_shift 8
#define bool_tag 31
#define bool_mask 127
#define bool_shift 7
#define heap_size 8192
size_t scheme_entry(size_t *heap);
void format_val(size_t val);
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
size_t *heap = malloc(heap_size);
size_t val = scheme_entry(heap);
format_val(val);
return 0;
}
void format_val(size_t val) {
if ((val & bool_mask) == bool_tag) {
printf((val >> bool_shift) ? "#t" : "#f");
}
else if ((val & fixnum_mask) == fixnum_tag) {
printf("%zu", val >> fixnum_shift);
}
else if ((val & data_mask) == closure_tag) {
printf("#<closure %zx>", val);
}
else if ((val & fixnum_mask) == cons_tag) {
val--;
size_t car = *((size_t*)val);
size_t cdr = *((size_t*)val + 1);
printf("("); format_val(car); printf(" . "); format_val(cdr); printf(")");
}
else if (val == empty_list) {
printf("()");
}
/* else if ((val & char_mask) == char_tag) { */
/* printf("%c", val >> char_shift); */
/* } */
else {
printf("#<unknown value: %zx>", val);
}
}
It compiles without complaint on macOS when I run gcc assembly-file.s driver.c
.当我运行
gcc assembly-file.s driver.c
时,它会在 macOS 上毫无怨言地编译。 When I run the resulting a.out
file, I get the following error:当我运行生成的
a.out
文件时,出现以下错误:
[2] 84530 bus error ./a.out
Is there a way I can get a core dump so I can inspect the values of the registers?有没有办法获取核心转储以便检查寄存器的值?
Bonus: if you can see what's wrong with my assembly, I wouldn't mind an answer to that either.奖励:如果你能看到我的程序集有什么问题,我也不介意回答这个问题。 ;-) I've tried using the GDB with my code, but it freezes every time I try it out on the
a.out
file. ;-) 我试过将 GDB 与我的代码一起使用,但每次我在
a.out
文件上尝试它时它都会冻结。
I'm running this on macOS;我在 macOS 上运行它;
gcc --version
gives: gcc --version
给出:
Configured with: --prefix=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr --with-gxx-include-dir=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/c++/4.2.1
Apple clang version 11.0.3 (clang-1103.0.32.62)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin19.4.0
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin
Much appreciated.非常感激。
You can ask GCC:您可以咨询GCC:
$ cat tmp.c
void foo() { __builtin_trap(); }
$ gcc -O2 tmp.c
$ ./a.out
Illegal instruction (core dumped)
$ gcc -O2 tmp.c -S -o-
...
ud2
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