对于必须实现“iter”函数的类型，我应该使用哪个特征绑定

Question

I am trying to implement a struct composed of a generic field which type must implement the non-consuming "iter" method (see below).

struct Node<T> {
    key: T
}

impl<T> Node<T> where T: ?? {
    fn do_stuff(&self) {
        for e in self.key.iter() {
            /* ... */
        }
    }
}

fn main() {
    let n1 = Node { key: "foo".to_owned() };
    n1.do_stuff();
    
    let n2 = Node { key: vec![1, 2, 3] };
    n2.do_stuff();
}

Which trait bound should I associate with the parameter T ?

Answer 1

The trait bound you're looking for is &T: IntoIterator . As a convention, types that provide a non-consuming iter() also provide an implementation of IntoIterator for a reference to the type. (Likewise, iter_mut() is equivalent to IntoIterator for &mut T .)

For example:

impl<T> Node<T>
where
    for<'a> &'a T: IntoIterator,
{
    fn do_stuff(&self) {
        for e in &self.key { /* ... */ }
    }
}

Note, however, that this won't compile with key: "foo".to_owned() simply because a String is not iterable.

Answer 2

Which trait bound should I associate with the parameter T ?

There is no such a trait in the standard library, the iter() is an inherent method – it doesn't come from a trait implementation. You could, of course, create your own trait (eg, Iter ) that specifies iter() .

If you are working with a generic type and need to ensure that such type's values can be turned into an iterator, you may want to consider bounding the type to the IntoIterator trait.