“注意：此错误源自子进程，并且可能不是 pip 的问题”消息在尝试安装 spacepy 时
[英]"note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip" message when trying to install spacepy
问题描述
I'm trying to install the spacepy package on Pycharm (Mac), but the installation keeps failing and I get this:
我正在尝试在 Pycharm（Mac）上安装 spacepy package，但安装一直失败，我得到了这个：
Collecting spacepy
Using cached spacepy-0.3.0.zip (19.8 MB)
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Collecting h5py>=2.6
Using cached h5py-3.7.0-cp310-cp310-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl (3.2 MB)
Requirement already satisfied: scipy>=0.11 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from spacepy) (1.8.1)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy!=1.15.0,>=1.10 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from spacepy) (1.22.4)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=1.4 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from spacepy) (2.8.2)
Requirement already satisfied: matplotlib>=1.5 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from spacepy) (3.5.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pillow>=6.2.0 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (9.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: fonttools>=4.22.0 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (4.33.3)
Requirement already satisfied: packaging>=20.0 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (21.3)
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.2.1 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: cycler>=0.10 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (0.11.0)
Requirement already satisfied: kiwisolver>=1.0.1 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (1.4.2)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from python-dateutil>=1.4->spacepy) (1.16.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: spacepy
Building wheel for spacepy (pyproject.toml) ... error
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× Building wheel for spacepy (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [188 lines of output]
running bdist_wheel
running build
INFO: C compiler: clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch arm64 -arch x86_64 -g
creating build
creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10
creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy
creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy
INFO: compile options: '-c'
INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/toolbox.c
INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/randomkit.c
INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/cn_solver.c
INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/ctrace2d.c
INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/poppy.c
creating build/lib
creating build/lib/spacepy
INFO: clang -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch arm64 -arch x86_64 -g build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/toolbox.o build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/randomkit.o build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/cn_solver.o build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/ctrace2d.o build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/poppy.o -lm -o build/lib/spacepy/libspacepy.so
running config_fc
INFO: unifing config_fc, config, build_clib, build_ext, build commands --fcompiler options
running config_cc
INFO: unifing config_cc, config, build_clib, build_ext, build commands --compiler options
running build_py
copying spacepy/omni.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/radbelt.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/LANLstar.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/seapy.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/time.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/lib.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/datamodel.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/empiricals.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/igrf.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/datamanager.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/rst.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/data_assimilation.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/poppy.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/spacepy_EnKF.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/coordinates.py -> build/lib/spacepy
copying spacepy/ae9ap9.py -> build/lib/spacepy
creating build/lib/spacepy/irbempy
copying spacepy/irbempy/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/irbempy
copying spacepy/irbempy/irbempy.py -> build/lib/spacepy/irbempy
creating build/lib/spacepy/pycdf
copying spacepy/pycdf/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pycdf
copying spacepy/pycdf/istp.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pycdf
copying spacepy/pycdf/const.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pycdf
creating build/lib/spacepy/plot
copying spacepy/plot/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
copying spacepy/plot/carrington.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
copying spacepy/plot/apionly.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
copying spacepy/plot/utils.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
copying spacepy/plot/spectrogram.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
creating build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/batsmath.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/rim.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/trace2d.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/bats.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/gitm.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/pwom.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/kyoto.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/dipole.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/interact.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/ram.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/dgcpm.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
copying spacepy/pybats/qotree.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
creating build/lib/spacepy/toolbox
copying spacepy/toolbox/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/toolbox
creating build/lib/spacepy/ctrans
copying spacepy/ctrans/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/ctrans
copying spacepy/ctrans/iau80n.py -> build/lib/spacepy/ctrans
creating build/lib/spacepy/data
copying spacepy/data/spacepy_polar.mplstyle -> build/lib/spacepy/data
copying spacepy/data/tai-utc.dat -> build/lib/spacepy/data
copying spacepy/data/spacepy_altgrid.mplstyle -> build/lib/spacepy/data
copying spacepy/data/igrf13coeffs.txt -> build/lib/spacepy/data
copying spacepy/data/spacepy.mplstyle -> build/lib/spacepy/data
copying spacepy/data/SEA_epochs_OMNI.txt -> build/lib/spacepy/data
creating build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_OPDyn.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T01STORM.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T01STORM.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T89.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_OPQuiet.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_OPQuiet.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T05.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T96.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_OPDyn.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_RAMSCB.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T01QUIET.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T05.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T01QUIET.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T96.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T89.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
creating build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D
creating build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_31.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_44.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_51.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_24.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_32.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_53.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_52.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_33.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_23.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_42.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_43.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_22.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_34.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_41.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_54.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_21.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_52.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_33.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_32.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_53.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_51.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_24.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_31.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_44.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_54.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_21.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_34.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_41.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_43.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_22.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_23.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_42.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_12.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_13.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr4.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_11.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr5.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr1.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_14.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr2.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr3.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_11.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_13.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_12.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_14.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
INFO: customize Gnu95FCompiler
WARN: Could not locate executable gfortran
WARN: Could not locate executable f95
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/nquartey/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 363, in <module>
main()
File "/Users/nquartey/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 345, in main
json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
File "/Users/nquartey/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 261, in build_wheel
return _build_backend().build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 221, in build_wheel
return self._build_with_temp_dir(['bdist_wheel'], '.whl',
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 207, in _build_with_temp_dir
self.run_setup()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 258, in run_setup
super(_BuildMetaLegacyBackend,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 150, in run_setup
exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
File "setup.py", line 950, in <module>
setup(**setup_kwargs)
File "/private/var/folders/62/c7kp5v4x5s39gykb57h2t7_m0000gs/T/pip-build-env-k4szbbs7/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 169, in setup
return old_setup(**new_attr)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 153, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 967, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 986, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/private/var/folders/62/c7kp5v4x5s39gykb57h2t7_m0000gs/T/pip-build-env-k4szbbs7/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 299, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 986, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "setup.py", line 733, in run
self.compile_irbempy()
File "setup.py", line 507, in compile_irbempy
f2py_env, fcompexec = f2py_options(fcompiler, self.distribution)
File "setup.py", line 200, in f2py_options
fcomp.customize(dist)
File "/private/var/folders/62/c7kp5v4x5s39gykb57h2t7_m0000gs/T/pip-build-env-k4szbbs7/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/distutils/fcompiler/__init__.py", line 457, in customize
self.find_executables()
File "/private/var/folders/62/c7kp5v4x5s39gykb57h2t7_m0000gs/T/pip-build-env-k4szbbs7/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/distutils/fcompiler/__init__.py", line 346, in find_executables
raise CompilerNotFound('%s: f90 nor f77' % ctype)
numpy.distutils.fcompiler.CompilerNotFound: gnu95: f90 nor f77
[end of output]
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
ERROR: Failed building wheel for spacepy
Failed to build spacepy
ERROR: Could not build wheels for spacepy, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects
What can I do to get past this issue?我能做些什么来解决这个问题？ Here's what I've tried in the Python and Mac terminals, but I still receive the message above:这是我在 Python 和 Mac 终端中尝试过的，但我仍然收到上面的消息：
pip install spacepy
pip install --no-cache-dir spacepy
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install --upgrade setuptools
pip install --upgrade wheel
pip install spacepy --user
pip install --no-cache-dir spacepy
I'm a new Mac user, so if anything can be dumbed down for me that would be greatly appreciated.我是一个新的 Mac 用户，所以如果有什么可以为我简化的，我将不胜感激。 Also, please let me know if there's any information you may need me to include.另外，如果您需要我提供任何信息，请告诉我。
2 个解决方案
解决方案1
0 2022-07-11 03:25:48
If you are using MacOS or Windows, try installing gfortran.如果您使用的是 MacOS 或 Windows，请尝试安装 gfortran。
(If you are using Linux, try installing gcc-fortran) （如果您使用的是 Linux，请尝试安装 gcc-fortran）
解决方案2
0 2022-09-23 13:33:49
There is a possible workaround for this problem if you use conda.如果您使用 conda，则有可能解决此问题。 The idea is to create an X86 environment on the Mac and do your pip install after that.这个想法是在 Mac 上创建一个 X86 环境，然后安装 pip。
conda create -n <name>
conda activate <name>
conda config --env --set subdir osx-64
conda install python=3.8
Here I choose python 3.8, but you can choose another version.这里我选择python 3.8，但你可以选择其他版本。
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尝试通过pip安装Quandl模块时出错 - Error when trying to install Quandl module with pip
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