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“注意：此錯誤源自子進程，並且可能不是 pip 的問題”消息在嘗試安裝 spacepy 時

[英]"note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip" message when trying to install spacepy

 原文  2022-05-24 19:24:36  5   2    python/ macos/ installation/ pip/ compiler-errors

問題描述

我正在嘗試在 Pycharm（Mac）上安裝 spacepy package，但安裝一直失敗，我得到了這個：

Collecting spacepy
  Using cached spacepy-0.3.0.zip (19.8 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Collecting h5py>=2.6
  Using cached h5py-3.7.0-cp310-cp310-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl (3.2 MB)
Requirement already satisfied: scipy>=0.11 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from spacepy) (1.8.1)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy!=1.15.0,>=1.10 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from spacepy) (1.22.4)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=1.4 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from spacepy) (2.8.2)
Requirement already satisfied: matplotlib>=1.5 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from spacepy) (3.5.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pillow>=6.2.0 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (9.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: fonttools>=4.22.0 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (4.33.3)
Requirement already satisfied: packaging>=20.0 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (21.3)
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.2.1 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: cycler>=0.10 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (0.11.0)
Requirement already satisfied: kiwisolver>=1.0.1 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from matplotlib>=1.5->spacepy) (1.4.2)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in ./venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from python-dateutil>=1.4->spacepy) (1.16.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: spacepy
  Building wheel for spacepy (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for spacepy (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [188 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      INFO: C compiler: clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch arm64 -arch x86_64 -g
      
      creating build
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy
      INFO: compile options: '-c'
      INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/toolbox.c
      INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/randomkit.c
      INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/cn_solver.c
      INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/ctrace2d.c
      INFO: clang: spacepy/libspacepy/poppy.c
      creating build/lib
      creating build/lib/spacepy
      INFO: clang -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch arm64 -arch x86_64 -g build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/toolbox.o build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/randomkit.o build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/cn_solver.o build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/ctrace2d.o build/temp.macosx-10.9-universal2-3.10/spacepy/libspacepy/poppy.o -lm -o build/lib/spacepy/libspacepy.so
      running config_fc
      INFO: unifing config_fc, config, build_clib, build_ext, build commands --fcompiler options
      running config_cc
      INFO: unifing config_cc, config, build_clib, build_ext, build commands --compiler options
      running build_py
      copying spacepy/omni.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/radbelt.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/LANLstar.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/seapy.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/time.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/lib.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/datamodel.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/empiricals.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/igrf.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/datamanager.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/rst.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/data_assimilation.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/poppy.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/spacepy_EnKF.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/coordinates.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      copying spacepy/ae9ap9.py -> build/lib/spacepy
      creating build/lib/spacepy/irbempy
      copying spacepy/irbempy/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/irbempy
      copying spacepy/irbempy/irbempy.py -> build/lib/spacepy/irbempy
      creating build/lib/spacepy/pycdf
      copying spacepy/pycdf/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pycdf
      copying spacepy/pycdf/istp.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pycdf
      copying spacepy/pycdf/const.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pycdf
      creating build/lib/spacepy/plot
      copying spacepy/plot/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
      copying spacepy/plot/carrington.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
      copying spacepy/plot/apionly.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
      copying spacepy/plot/utils.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
      copying spacepy/plot/spectrogram.py -> build/lib/spacepy/plot
      creating build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/batsmath.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/rim.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/trace2d.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/bats.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/gitm.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/pwom.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/kyoto.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/dipole.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/interact.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/ram.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/dgcpm.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      copying spacepy/pybats/qotree.py -> build/lib/spacepy/pybats
      creating build/lib/spacepy/toolbox
      copying spacepy/toolbox/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/toolbox
      creating build/lib/spacepy/ctrans
      copying spacepy/ctrans/__init__.py -> build/lib/spacepy/ctrans
      copying spacepy/ctrans/iau80n.py -> build/lib/spacepy/ctrans
      creating build/lib/spacepy/data
      copying spacepy/data/spacepy_polar.mplstyle -> build/lib/spacepy/data
      copying spacepy/data/tai-utc.dat -> build/lib/spacepy/data
      copying spacepy/data/spacepy_altgrid.mplstyle -> build/lib/spacepy/data
      copying spacepy/data/igrf13coeffs.txt -> build/lib/spacepy/data
      copying spacepy/data/spacepy.mplstyle -> build/lib/spacepy/data
      copying spacepy/data/SEA_epochs_OMNI.txt -> build/lib/spacepy/data
      creating build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_OPDyn.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T01STORM.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T01STORM.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T89.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_OPQuiet.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_OPQuiet.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T05.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T96.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_OPDyn.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_RAMSCB.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T01QUIET.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T05.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T01QUIET.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/Lmax_T96.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      copying spacepy/data/LANLstar/LANLstar_T89.net.gz -> build/lib/spacepy/data/LANLstar
      creating build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D
      creating build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_31.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_44.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_51.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_24.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_32.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_53.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_52.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_33.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_23.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_42.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_43.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_22.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_34.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_41.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_54.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_21.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_52.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_33.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_32.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_53.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_51.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_24.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_31.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_44.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_54.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_21.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_34.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_41.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_43.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_22.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_23.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_42.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_12.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_13.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr4.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_11.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr5.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr1.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_o_14.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr2.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamebhr3.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_11.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_13.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_12.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      copying spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR/tailamhr_e_14.par -> build/lib/spacepy/data/TS07D/TAIL_PAR
      INFO: customize Gnu95FCompiler
      WARN: Could not locate executable gfortran
      WARN: Could not locate executable f95
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/Users/nquartey/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 363, in <module>
          main()
        File "/Users/nquartey/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 345, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
        File "/Users/nquartey/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 261, in build_wheel
          return _build_backend().build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings,
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 221, in build_wheel
          return self._build_with_temp_dir(['bdist_wheel'], '.whl',
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 207, in _build_with_temp_dir
          self.run_setup()
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 258, in run_setup
          super(_BuildMetaLegacyBackend,
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 150, in run_setup
          exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
        File "setup.py", line 950, in <module>
          setup(**setup_kwargs)
        File "/private/var/folders/62/c7kp5v4x5s39gykb57h2t7_m0000gs/T/pip-build-env-k4szbbs7/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 169, in setup
          return old_setup(**new_attr)
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 153, in setup
          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
          dist.run_commands()
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 967, in run_commands
          self.run_command(cmd)
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 986, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "/private/var/folders/62/c7kp5v4x5s39gykb57h2t7_m0000gs/T/pip-build-env-k4szbbs7/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 299, in run
          self.run_command('build')
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
          self.distribution.run_command(command)
        File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 986, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "setup.py", line 733, in run
          self.compile_irbempy()
        File "setup.py", line 507, in compile_irbempy
          f2py_env, fcompexec = f2py_options(fcompiler, self.distribution)
        File "setup.py", line 200, in f2py_options
          fcomp.customize(dist)
        File "/private/var/folders/62/c7kp5v4x5s39gykb57h2t7_m0000gs/T/pip-build-env-k4szbbs7/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/distutils/fcompiler/__init__.py", line 457, in customize
          self.find_executables()
        File "/private/var/folders/62/c7kp5v4x5s39gykb57h2t7_m0000gs/T/pip-build-env-k4szbbs7/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/distutils/fcompiler/__init__.py", line 346, in find_executables
          raise CompilerNotFound('%s: f90 nor f77' % ctype)
      numpy.distutils.fcompiler.CompilerNotFound: gnu95: f90 nor f77
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for spacepy
Failed to build spacepy
ERROR: Could not build wheels for spacepy, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

我能做些什么來解決這個問題？ 這是我在 Python 和 Mac 終端中嘗試過的，但我仍然收到上面的消息：

pip install spacepy
pip install --no-cache-dir spacepy 
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install --upgrade setuptools
pip install --upgrade wheel
pip install spacepy --user
pip install --no-cache-dir spacepy

我是一個新的 Mac 用戶，所以如果有什么可以為我簡化的，我將不勝感激。 另外，如果您需要我提供任何信息，請告訴我。

2 個解決方案

解決方案1
 0  2022-07-11 03:25:48

如果您使用的是 MacOS 或 Windows，請嘗試安裝 gfortran。

（如果您使用的是 Linux，請嘗試安裝 gcc-fortran）

解決方案2
 0  2022-09-23 13:33:49

如果您使用 conda，則有可能解決此問題。 這個想法是在 Mac 上創建一個 X86 環境，然后安裝 pip。

conda create -n <name>
conda activate <name>
conda config --env --set subdir osx-64
conda install python=3.8

這里我選擇python 3.8，但你可以選擇其他版本。

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