我如何在正在运行的 docker 容器中安装包并且包在不重新创建容器的情况下生效？

Question

I am running docker compose up which consists of multiple containers on of which is python 3.* and all the containers have volumes attached to them. also I have already created requirements.txt file I have entered python container and install x packages then I did pip freeze > requirements.txt I then I stoped the containers and restart the containers again, but python container didn't start and the log says modules x is not found , so what I did is that O deleted the container and created a new one and it worked, my questions is, Is there any way to not deleting the container (I think its over kill)
but some-who still able to manage installing packages in the container?

Dockerfile

FROM python:3.6
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y gettext

RUN mkdir -p /var/www/server
COPY src/requirements.txt /var/www/server/

WORKDIR /var/www/server
RUN pip install -r ./requirements.txt
EXPOSE 8100
ENTRYPOINT sleep 3 && python manage.py migrate && python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8100

Answer 1

You should move your project source files into the container during build and within in it run the pip install -r requirements.txt .

Below is an example to give you an idea:

--- Other build commands follow
WORKDIR /usr/src/service
COPY ./service . # Here, I am moving everything of the service folder/module into WORKDIR within docker
RUN pip install --upgrade pip
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
-- Other build commands follow. 

Finally, you will use docker-compose build service to build the define service in the docker-compose.yml pointing to the Dockerfile in the build context.

...
build:
  context: .
    dockerfile: service/Dockerfile
...

Answer 2

Broadly, set up your Dockerfile such that you need to do the least-changing and most time-costly work first

FROM FOO
RUN get os-level and build dependencies
COPY only exactly files needed to identify dependencies
RUN install dependencies that takes a long time
RUN install more frequently-changing dependencies
COPY rest of your wanted content
ENTRYPOINT define me

as @coldly says in their Answer , write your dependencies into a requirements file and install them during the container build!