检查键是否存在且其值不是 Python 字典中的空字符串

Question

Is there a clear best practice for assigning a variable from a key/value pair in a Python dictionary:

• If the key is present
• If the key's value is not an empty string

And otherwise assigning a default value to the variable.

I would like to use dict.get :

my_value = dict.get(key, my_default)

But this assigns an empty string to my_value if the key is present and the value is an empty string. Is it better to use the following:

if key in dict and dict[key]:
    my_value = dict[key]
else:
    my_value = my_default

This would make use of the truthfulness of an empty string to ensure only non-empty strings were assigned to my_value .

Is there a better way to perform this check?

Answer 1

Maybe you mean something like:

a.get('foo',my_default) or my_default

which I think should be equivalent to the if-else conditional you have

eg

>>> a = {'foo':''}
>>> a.get('foo','bar') or 'bar'
'bar'
>>> a['foo'] = 'baz'
>>> a.get('foo','bar') or 'bar'
'baz'
>>> a.get('qux','bar') or 'bar'
'bar'

The advantages to this over the other version are pretty clear. This is nice because you only need to perform the lookup once and because or short circuits (As soon as it hits a True like value, it returns it. If no True-like value is found, or returns the second one).

If your default is a function, it could be called twice if you write it as: d.get('foo',func()) or func() . In this case, you're better off with a temporary variable to hold the return value of func .

Answer 2

The simplest way to do what you want:

my_value = dict.get(key) or my_default

The or will deliver the first value if it evaluates non-false, otherwise the second one. Unlike other languages Python doesn't force the result to be boolean, quite a useful property sometimes.

Answer 3

this worked for me

    try:
        post_profile = record['ownerUsername'] 

    except KeyError:
        post_profile = "nouserwasfound"