I tried to make an "alias" for a path that I use often while shell scripting. I tried something, but it failed:
myFold="~/Files/Scripts/Main"
cd myFold
bash: cd: myFold: No such file or directory
How do I make it work ?
However, cd ~/Files/Scripts/Main
works.
Since it's an environment variable (alias has a different definition in bash
), you need to evaluate it with something like:
cd "${myFold}"
or:
cp "${myFold}/someFile" /somewhere/else
But I actually find it easier, if you just want the ease of switching into that directory, to create a real alias (in one of the bash
startup files like .bashrc
), so I can save keystrokes:
alias myfold='cd ~/Files/Scripts/Main'
Then you can just use (without the cd
):
myfold
To get rid of the definition, you use unalias
. The following transcript shows all of these in action:
pax> cd ; pwd ; ls -ald footy
/home/pax
drwxr-xr-x 2 pax pax 4096 Jul 28 11:00 footy
pax> footydir=/home/pax/footy ; cd "$footydir" ; pwd
/home/pax/footy
pax> cd ; pwd
/home/pax
pax> alias footy='cd /home/pax/footy' ; footy ; pwd
/home/pax/footy
pax> unalias footy ; footy
bash: footy: command not found
There is a shell option cdable_vars
:
cdable_vars
If this is set, an argument to thecd
builtin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable whose value is the directory to change to.
You could add this to your .bashrc
:
shopt -s cdable_vars
export myFold=$HOME/Files/Scripts/Main
Notice that I've replaced the tilde with $HOME
; quotes prevent tilde expansion and Bash would complain that there is no directory ~/Files/Scripts/Main
.
Now you can use this as follows:
cd myFold
No $
required. That's the whole point, actually – as shown in other answers, cd "$myFold"
works without the shell option. cd myFold
also works if the path in myFold
contains spaces, no quoting required.
This usually even works with tab autocompletion as the _cd
function in bash_completion
checks if cdable_vars
is set – but not every implementation does it in the same manner, so you might have to source bash_completion
again in your .bashrc
(or edit /etc/profile
to set the shell option).
Other shells have similar options, for example Zsh ( cdablevars
).
Maybe it's better to use links
Symbolic or soft link (files or directories, more flexible and self documenting)
# Source Link
ln -s /home/jake/doc/test/2000/something /home/jake/xxx
Hard link (files only, less flexible and not self documenting)
# Source Link
ln /home/jake/doc/test/2000/something /home/jake/xxx
How to create a link to a directory
Hint : If you need not to see the link in your home you can start it with a dot . ; then it will be hidden by default then you can access it like
cd ~/.myHiddelLongDirLink
You can add any paths you want to the hashtable of your bash:
hash -d <CustomName>=<RealPath>
Now you will be able to cd ~<CustomName>
. To make it permanent add it to your bashrc script.
Notice that this hashtable is meant to provide a cache for bash not to need to search for content everytime a command is executed, therefore this table will be cleared on events that invalidate the cache, eg modifying $PATH
.
First, you need the $
to access "myFold"'s value to make the code in the question work:
cd "$myFold"
To simplify this you create an alias in ~/.bashrc
:
alias cdmain='cd ~/Files/Scripts/Main'
Don't forget to source the .bashrc
once to make the alias become available in the current bash session:
source ~/.bashrc
Now you can change to the folder using:
cdmain
First off, you need to remove the quotes:
bashboy@host:~$ myFolder=~/Files/Scripts/Main
The quotes prevent the shell from expanding the tilde to its special meaning of being your $HOME
directory.
You could then use $myFolder
an environment
a shell variable:
bashboy@host:~$ cd $myFolder
bashboy@host:~/Files/Scripts/Main$
To make an alias , you need to define the alias:
alias myfolder="cd $myFolder"
You can then treat this sort of like a command:
bashboy@host:~$ myFolder
bashboy@host:~/Files/Scripts/Main$
Another option would be to use a symbolic link. ie:
ln -s ~/Files/Scripts/Main ~/myFold
After that you can perform operations to ~/myFold
, such as:
cp some_file.txt ~/myFold
which will put the file in ~/Files/Scripts/Main
. You can remove the symbolic link at any time with rm ~/myFold
, which will keep the original directory.
but an actual alias for a dir is also possible, try
myScripts="~/Files/Scripts/Main"
alias myScripts="cd $myScripts"
This way you have a common naming convention (for each dir/alias pair), and if you need to copy something from the current dir to myScripts, you don't have to think about it.
IHTH
Put the following line in your myscript
set myFold = '~/Files/Scripts/Main'
In the terminal use
source myscript
cd $myFold
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