Difference between 2 consecutive elements in Prolog

Question

So my problem sounds like this: Given a list of integer numbers, generate the list of permutations with the property that the absolute value of the difference between 2 consecutive values from the permutation is <=3 . For example : L=[2,7,5] ==> [[2,5,7], [7,5,2]] .

So far I wrote this

domains 
list=integer*
lista=list*

predicates
perm(list,list)
permutations(list,lista,integer)
delete(integer,list,list)
diff(list,integer)

clauses
perm([],[]).
perm(Y,[A|X]):-
     delete(A,Y,Y1),
     perm(Y1,X).
delete(A,[A|X],X).
delete(A,[B|X],[B|Y]):-
     delete(A,X,Y).

perm_aux(L,X,3):-
     perm(L,X),
     diff(X,R),
     abs(R)<=3.

diff([],0).
diff(???):-
  ??????

permutations(L,R,3):-
     findall(X,perm_aux(L,X,3),R).

So I'm stuck in the part where I make the difference. I have no idea how to do it for every 2 consecutive elements. Please help me.

Answer 1

I wouldn't have diff return a difference, but rather give it the max difference you want and have it either fail as soon as it hits a difference that is too big, or it succeeds.

So diff(List, Max). And calling it, instead of:

diff(X,R),
abs(R)<=3.  % Note that this should be =<

You'd have:

diff(X, 3).

Then your base cases are:

diff([], _).   % Empty list always succeeds
diff([_], _).  % Single element list always succeeds

And your recursive case would look like:

diff([X,Y|T], Max) :-
    abs(X-Y) =< Max,
    diff([Y|T], Max).

If you would like diff to provide a maximum absolute difference of consecutive values, you could define it as:

max_diff(X, Max) :-
    max_diff(X, 0, Max).
max_diff([], M, M).
max_diff([_], M, M).
max_diff([X,Y|T], MaxSoFar, Max) :-
    Diff is abs(X-Y),
    (   Diff > MaxSoFar
    ->  max_diff([Y|T], Diff, Max)
    ;   max_diff([Y|T], MaxSoFar, Max)
    ).