Executing a binary file from within a linux driver
Question
I want to execute an executable file after the following lines are executed in usb driver.c file located here :
881 if (!retval)
882 pr_info("%s: registered new device driver %s\n",
883 usbcore_name, new_udriver->name);
In widows we have calls like system that can be used to call and execute a binary. So I hope there is a similar option in Linux also.
My log messages are as under and I have mentioned where exactly I would like to execute the binary:
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.027 2014]
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.027 2014] U-Boot SPL 2014.01 (May 12 2014 - 16:08:58)
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.027 2014] mmc boot
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.074 2014] reading fpga.bin
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.308 2014] zynq_align_dma_buffer: Bitstream is not swapped(1) - swap it
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.573 2014] reading system.dtb
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.589 2014] spl: error reading image system.dtb, err - -1
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.589 2014] reading u-boot.img
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.589 2014] reading u-boot.img
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.651 2014]
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.651 2014]
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.651 2014] U-Boot 2014.01 (May 12 2014 - 16:08:58)
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.651 2014]
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.651 2014] I2C: ready
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.651 2014] Memory: ECC disabled
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.651 2014] DRAM: 1 GiB
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.667 2014] MMC: zynq_sdhci: 0
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.667 2014] Using default environment
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.667 2014]
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.667 2014] In: serial
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.667 2014] Out: serial
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.667 2014] Err: serial
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.667 2014] Net: Gem.e000b000
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.667 2014]
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] Device: zynq_sdhci
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] Manufacturer ID: 2
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] OEM: 544d
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] Name: SA02G
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] Tran Speed: 50000000
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] Rd Block Len: 512
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] SD version 3.0
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] High Capacity: No
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] Capacity: 1.8 GiB
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] Bus Width: 4-bit
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.729 2014] reading uEnv.txt
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.745 2014] ** Unable to read file uEnv.txt **
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.745 2014] Copying Linux from SD to RAM...
[Mon May 12 18:33:00.745 2014] reading uImage
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.073 2014] 3588280 bytes read in 322 ms (10.6 MiB/s)
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.073 2014] reading devicetree.dtb
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.088 2014] 6804 bytes read in 19 ms (349.6 KiB/s)
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.104 2014] reading uramdisk.image.gz
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.603 2014] 5310018 bytes read in 470 ms (10.8 MiB/s)
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.603 2014] ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 03000000 ...
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.603 2014] Image Name: Linux-3.13.0-xilinx-dirty
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.603 2014] Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.603 2014] Data Size: 3588216 Bytes = 3.4 MiB
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.603 2014] Load Address: 00008000
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.603 2014] Entry Point: 00008000
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.603 2014] Verifying Checksum ... OK
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.665 2014] ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at 02000000 ...
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.665 2014] Image Name:
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.665 2014] Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.665 2014] Data Size: 5309954 Bytes = 5.1 MiB
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.665 2014] Load Address: 00000000
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.665 2014] Entry Point: 00000000
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.665 2014] Verifying Checksum ... OK
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.743 2014] ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 02a00000
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.743 2014] Booting using the fdt blob at 0x2a00000
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.743 2014] Loading Kernel Image ... OK
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.790 2014] Loading Ramdisk to 1faef000, end 1ffff602 ... OK
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.821 2014] Loading Device Tree to 1faea000, end 1faeea93 ... OK
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.821 2014]
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.821 2014] Starting kernel ...
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.821 2014]
[Mon May 12 18:33:01.837 2014] Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel.
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.165 2014] [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.165 2014] [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.13.0-xilinx-dirty (root@zaidi) (gcc version 4.7.3 (Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2013.05-40) ) #1 SMP PREEMPT Mon May 12 16:37:39 IST 2014
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.165 2014] [ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [413fc090] revision 0 (ARMv7), cr=18c5387d
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.165 2014] [ 0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.165 2014] [ 0.000000] Machine model: Xilinx Zynq
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.165 2014] [ 0.000000] bootconsole [earlycon0] enabled
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.165 2014] [ 0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writealloc
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.274 2014] [ 0.000000] PERCPU: Embedded 8 pages/cpu @c143f000 s10688 r8192 d13888 u32768
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.274 2014] [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 260624
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.274 2014] [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyPS0,115200n8 root=/dev/ram rw initrd=0x00800000,16M earlyprintk mtdparts=physmap-flash.0:512K(nor-fsbl),512K(nor-u-boot),5M(nor-linux),9M(nor-user),1M(nor-scratch),-(nor-rootfs)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.274 2014] [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.289 2014] [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.289 2014] [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.508 2014] [ 0.000000] Memory: 1021760K/1048576K available (4857K kernel code, 310K rwdata, 1708K rodata, 198K init, 5345K bss, 26816K reserved, 270336K highmem)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.508 2014] [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.508 2014] [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.508 2014] [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.508 2014] [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xf0000000 - 0xff000000 ( 240 MB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.508 2014] [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xef800000 ( 760 MB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.508 2014] [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.523 2014] [ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.523 2014] [ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0671828 (6567 kB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.523 2014] [ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0672000 - 0xc06a39c0 ( 199 kB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.523 2014] [ 0.000000] .data : 0xc06a4000 - 0xc06f1ad0 ( 311 kB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.523 2014] [ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc06f1adc - 0xc0c2a1b0 (5346 kB)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.555 2014] [ 0.000000] Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation.
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.555 2014] [ 0.000000] RCU lockdep checking is enabled.
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.555 2014] [ 0.000000] Dump stacks of tasks blocking RCU-preempt GP.
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.555 2014] [ 0.000000] RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=4 to nr_cpu_ids=2.
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.555 2014] [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:16 nr_irqs:16 16
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.570 2014] [ 0.000000] ps7-slcr mapped to f0004000
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.570 2014] [ 0.000000] zynq_clock_init: clkc starts at f0004100
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.570 2014] [ 0.000000] Zynq clock init
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.586 2014] [ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 333MHz, resolution 3ns, wraps every 12884901885ns
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.586 2014] [ 0.000000] ps7-ttc #0 at f0006000, irq=43
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.601 2014] [ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.601 2014] [ 0.000000] Lock dependency validator: Copyright (c) 2006 Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_SUBCLASSES: 8
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCK_DEPTH: 48
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS: 8191
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 0.000000] ... CLASSHASH_SIZE: 4096
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_ENTRIES: 16384
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 0.000000] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_CHAINS: 32768
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 0.000000] ... CHAINHASH_SIZE: 16384
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 0.000000] memory used by lock dependency info: 3695 kB
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 0.000000] per task-struct memory footprint: 1152 bytes
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.648 2014] [ 12.877213] Calibrating delay loop... 1325.46 BogoMIPS (lpj=6627328)
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.679 2014] [ 12.877220] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.695 2014] [ 12.877221] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.711 2014] [ 12.877223] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.711 2014] [ 12.877224] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 0, mpidr 80000000
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.711 2014] [ 12.877225] Setting up static identity map for 0x49ad18 - 0x49ad70
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.726 2014] [ 12.877226] L310 cache controller enabled
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.726 2014] [ 12.877227] l2x0: 8 ways, CACHE_ID 0x410000c8, AUX_CTRL 0x72460000, Cache size: 512 kB
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.929 2014] [ 12.877242] CPU1: Booted secondary processor
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.929 2014] [ 12.877256] CPU1: thread -1, cpu 1, socket 0, mpidr 80000001
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.929 2014] [ 12.877256] Brought up 2 CPUs
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.929 2014] [ 12.877258] SMP: Total of 2 processors activated.
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.929 2014] [ 12.877259] CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode.
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.929 2014] [ 12.877260] devtmpfs: initialized
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.945 2014] [ 12.877262] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 30 variant 9 rev 4
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.960 2014] [ 12.877264] regulator-dummy: no parameters
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.960 2014] [ 12.877265] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.960 2014] [ 12.877266] DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.976 2014] [ 12.877268] cpuidle: using governor ladder
[Mon May 12 18:33:02.976 2014] [ 12.877269] cpuidle: using governor menu
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.007 2014] [ 12.877273] syscon f8000000.ps7-slcr: regmap [mem 0xf8000000-0xf8000fff] registered
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.023 2014] [ 12.877274] hw-breakpoint: found 5 (+1 reserved) breakpoint and 1 watchpoint registers.
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.023 2014] [ 12.877276] hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 4 bytes.
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.038 2014] [ 12.877277] zynq-ocm f800c000.ps7-ocmc: ZYNQ OCM pool: 256 KiB @ 0xf0080000
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.085 2014] [ 12.877287] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.101 2014] [ 12.877288] vgaarb: loaded
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.101 2014] [ 12.877289] SCSI subsystem initialized
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.116 2014] [ 12.877290] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.116 2014] [ 12.877291] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.116 2014] [ 12.877291] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
/**************************** EXECUTE BINARY HERE ************************/
/**************************** EXECUTE BINARY HERE ************************/
/**************************** EXECUTE BINARY HERE ************************/
/**************************** EXECUTE BINARY HERE ************************/
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.132 2014] [ 12.877293] media: Linux media interface: v0.10
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.132 2014] [ 12.877293] Linux video capture interface: v2.00
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.147 2014] [ 12.877294] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.147 2014] [ 12.877295] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@linux.it>
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.147 2014] [ 12.877297] PTP clock support registered
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.163 2014] [ 12.877297] EDAC MC: Ver: 3.0.0
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.179 2014] [ 12.877300] DMA-API: preallocated 4096 debug entries
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.179 2014] [ 12.877301] DMA-API: debugging enabled by kernel config
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.179 2014] [ 12.877301] Switched to clocksource arm_global_timer
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.241 2014] [ 12.877310] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.241 2014] [ 12.877311] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.257 2014] [ 12.877313] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 6, 294912 bytes)
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.257 2014] [ 12.877314] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.272 2014] [ 12.877315] TCP: reno registered
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.272 2014] [ 12.877316] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 40960 bytes)
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.288 2014] [ 12.877317] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 40960 bytes)
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.288 2014] [ 12.877318] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.319 2014] [ 12.877319] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.319 2014] [ 12.877320] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.319 2014] [ 12.877321] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.319 2014] [ 12.877322] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.319 2014] [ 12.877323] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs...
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.319 2014] [ 12.877324] rootfs image is not initramfs (no cpio magic); looks like an initrd
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.366 2014] [ 12.877331] Freeing initrd memory: 5184K (dfaef000 - dffff000)
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.381 2014] [ 12.877332] hw perfevents: enabled with ARMv7 Cortex-A9 PMU driver, 7 counters available
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.397 2014] [ 12.877335] bounce pool size: 64 pages
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.397 2014] [ 12.877336] jffs2: version 2.2. (NAND) (SUMMARY) © 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.413 2014] [ 12.877338] msgmni has been set to 1477
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.428 2014] [ 12.877339] io scheduler noop registered
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.428 2014] [ 12.877339] io scheduler deadline registered
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.428 2014] [ 12.877340] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.459 2014] [ 12.877343] dma-pl330 f8003000.ps7-dma: unable to set the seg size
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.459 2014] [ 12.877344] dma-pl330 f8003000.ps7-dma: Loaded driver for PL330 DMAC-2364208
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.459 2014] [ 12.877345] dma-pl330 f8003000.ps7-dma: DBUFF-128x8bytes Num_Chans-8 Num_Peri-4 Num_Events-16
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.475 2014] [ 12.877347] e0001000.serial: ttyPS1 at MMIO 0xe0001000 (irq = 82, base_baud = 3124999) is a xuartps
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.475 2014] [ 12.877349] xdevcfg f8007000.ps7-dev-cfg: ioremap 0xf8007000 to f0068000
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.506 2014] [ 12.877355] brd: module loaded
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.522 2014] [ 12.877358] loop: module loaded
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.553 2014] [ 12.877360] zynq-qspi e000d000.ps7-qspi: master is unqueued, this is deprecated
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.553 2014] [ 12.877361] zynq-qspi e000d000.ps7-qspi: at 0xE000D000 mapped to 0xF006A000, irq=51
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.569 2014] [ 12.877364] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 2.3.2-k
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.569 2014] [ 12.877365] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2013 Intel Corporation.
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.584 2014] [ 12.877366] libphy: XEMACPS mii bus: probed
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.600 2014] [ 12.877367] mdio_bus e000b000: cannot get PHY at address 7
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.600 2014] [ 12.877368] xemacps e000b000.ps7-ethernet: pdev->id -1, baseaddr 0xe000b000, irq 54
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.600 2014] [ 12.877370] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.615 2014] [ 12.877371] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.615 2014] [ 12.877372] zynq-dr e0002000.ps7-usb: Unable to init USB phy, missing?
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.631 2014] [ 12.877373] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.787 2014] [ 12.877400] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.803 2014] [ 12.877205] TCP: cubic registered
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.803 2014] [ 12.877206] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.803 2014] [ 12.877206] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler
[Mon May 12 18:33:03.818 2014] [ 12.877207] bootconsole [earlycon0] disabled
Sorry for some confusion (my Id got swapped with my collegue).
I am running linux on embedded system with a volatile file system. So I will not be able to retain any changes in /etc/syslog.config (if you are asking me to study about syslog).
Also I could not find syslog related file in the source code. Though I found one file with following contents:
#define SYSLOG_ACTION_CLEAR 5
/* Disable printk's to console */
#define SYSLOG_ACTION_CONSOLE_OFF 6
/* Enable printk's to console */
#define SYSLOG_ACTION_CONSOLE_ON 7
/* Set level of messages printed to console */
#define SYSLOG_ACTION_CONSOLE_LEVEL 8
/* Return number of unread characters in the log buffer */
#define SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_UNREAD 9
/* Return size of the log buffer */
#define SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_BUFFER 10
#define SYSLOG_FROM_CALL 0
#define SYSLOG_FROM_FILE 1
int do_syslog(int type, char __user *buf, int count, bool from_file);
#endif /* _LINUX_SYSLOG_H */
at /include/linux/syslog.h
But I am not getting any clue how to run the binary from here.
I treid running exec alsao but is also not getting through.
1 answers
solution1
5 2014-05-19 10:05:49
system() exists also on unixes as well, but is a userspace libc api call, and you can't use that in kernel mode driver. This is the case on windows as well. If a driver starts a binary executable, it uses different api calls for that on both systems.
It is possible to start a binary executable on linux, the best example is, when the kernel starts /sbin/init during boot.
Starting a process from kernelmode is possible with the do_execve() api call, which you can see that init/main.c in the kernel source.
Next to this I see 2 (and IMHO, much better) options to start a binary in this case:
It was a kernel messages, which are catched by the system logging daemons. These daemons are mostly possible to do something (for example, run your script) if a message matching a given regexp happens. Your best option for a such syslog daemon were (imho) syslog-ng or rsyslog.
There is the infrastructure named
udev, which is a core component of practically all newer linux distributions. What udev does: practically watches for the changes of the device tree of your computer, and in case of any change (ie if a new usb device with vendor:modelid plugged in) will do what it was configured to. (Initializes device drivers, calls external binaries , loads alternate modules, etc.)
In your place I did (2), although the configuration of udev a little bit complex and not really well documented. With a syslog scripting you do this faster, although it weren't so beautiful solution.
I am nearly sure, that you don't need kernel mode programming to reach your goal.
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