I am designing a convenient config object which will load config values from a file. In order to make sure there are sane defaults, the programmer can state for each kind of value what type it is, and a default value. That way, the config file can be checked and any incorrect can be immediately found. For example, consider the following config file httpd.conf:
port 8080
htdocs ROOT
prelude true
and a config object in main:
int main() {
Config conf("httpd.conf",
"port", Config::INT, 80,
"htdocs", Config::STRING, "default/",
"preload", Config::BOOLEAN, false);
The above code would load the file and verify that port is in fact an integer, it would load htdocs , and it would find that "prelude" in the file does not match any registered value in the config, and emit an error:
line 3: undefined configuration item "prelude"
I could implement the above with an old C variadic parameters, but those are not typesafe. Is there any way to do it with the new C++ variadic parameters? The examples I have seen are all monotyped. Here I have triples of values.
I would like to design something that is easy to write in a single large call, but that is typesafe.
Without using variadic templates or functions and avoiding type elision you might do:
#include <sstream>
#include <stdexcept>
class Configuration
{
public:
Configuration(const std::string& resource)
// Initialize the resources: Program options, environment variables, files
{}
/// Get a raw configuration value for a key.
/// Reurns true if the key exists
bool get_raw(const std::string key, std::string& result) const {
// Find the key in supplied resources and set the result string
// trimming leading and trailing spaces
return false;
}
template <typename T>
T get(const std::string key) const;
template <typename T>
T get(const std::string key, const T& default_value) const;
};
template <typename T>
T Configuration::get(const std::string key) const {
std::string str;
if( ! get_raw(key, str)) throw std::runtime_error("Invalid Key");
else {
T result;
std::istringstream is(str);
is.unsetf(std::ios_base::basefield);
is >> result;
if( ! is.eof() || is.fail()) throw std::runtime_error("Invalid Value");
return result;
}
}
template <typename T>
T Configuration::get(const std::string key, const T& default_value) const {
std::string str;
// There might be a dilemma - is a non existing key an error?
if( ! get_raw(key, str)) return default_value;
else if(str.empty()) return default_value;
else {
T result;
std::istringstream is(str);
is.unsetf(std::ios_base::basefield);
is >> result;
if( ! is.eof() || is.fail()) throw std::runtime_error("Invalid Value");
return result;
}
}
// Usage
struct HttpConfiguration : public Configuration
{
unsigned port;
std::string htdocs;
bool preload;
HttpConfiguration()
: Configuration("httpd.conf"),
port(get<unsigned>("port", 80)),
htdocs(get<std::string>("htdocs", "default/")),
preload(get<bool>("prelude", false)) // typo here
{}
};
Note: The class configuration can be anything managing configuration sources (have a look at Boost, POCO, ...).
Just to get you started if you want to use variadic templates:
template <class T>
struct Param {
using Type = T;
std::string name_;
T default_value_;
};
template <class T>
auto MakeParam(std::string name, T default_value) -> Param<T> {
return {name, default_value};
}
template <class T, class... Args>
auto ReadParams(Param<T> p, Args... args) -> void {
ReadParams(p);
ReadParams(args...);
}
template <class T>
auto ReadParams(Param<T> p) -> void {
// here you can read from file
cout << "param: '" << p.name_ << "' type: '"
<< typeid(typename Param<T>::Type).name() << "' defval: '"
<< p.default_value_ << "'" << endl;
}
int main() {
ReadParams(MakeParam("param1", 0), MakeParam("param2", true),
MakeParam("param3", "c-string"),
MakeParam("param4", std::string{"c++str"}));
return 0;
}
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