Oracle: why is my MW invalidated to NEEDS_COMPILE state after data change in underlying views

Question

We are using following materialized view and underlying views to realize some reporting. The materialized view is refreshed completely manually from our application (by DBMS_SNAPSHOT.REFRESH( '"OVERALL_WEEKLY"','C');). After this call the view is in FRESH state, but after any DML operation is done to underlying tables the materialized view gets NEEDS_COMPILE state. The queries for views are as follows. The undetlying tables EBR_CYCLE_TIME and EBR_AREA are changing very frequently. So refresh on commit is not an option for our purpose.

Is there any way to avoid the NEEDS_COMPILE state? Or better what causes the NEED_COMPILE state?

CREATE OR REPLACE FORCE VIEW "OTD_WEEKLY" AS
  SELECT
    otd.WEEK,
    otd.SITE_ID,
    otd.AREA_ID,
    otd.OTD_METRIC                                               AS CT_METRIC,
    ROUND(100 * (SUM(otd.SUCCESS) / SUM(otd.CT_TOTAL_COUNT)), 2) AS OTD_VALUE
  FROM
    (SELECT
       FC.MFL_FISCAL_YR_NUM * 100 + FC.MFL_FISCAL_WK_NUM AS WEEK,
       r.BUSINESS_UNIT_ID                                AS PAL2_ID,
       a.site_id                                         AS SITE_ID,
       a.area_def_id                                     AS AREA_ID,
       a.PRIORITY                                        AS PRIORITY,
       r.EBR_BUILD_SUBTYPE                               AS NPI,
       r.CORPORATE_TD                                    AS CTD,
       ctd.NAME                                          AS OTD_METRIC,
       COUNT(r.ebr_number)                               AS CT_TOTAL_COUNT,
       COUNT(
           CASE
           WHEN (ct.TIME_ELAPSED) > (ct.TARGET * 86400)
             THEN NULL
           ELSE r.ebr_number
           END)                                          AS SUCCESS,
       COUNT(
           CASE
           WHEN (ct.TIME_ELAPSED) > (ct.TARGET * 86400)
             THEN r.ebr_number
           ELSE NULL
           END)                                          AS MISSED,
       COUNT(DISTINCT r.ebr_number)                      AS TOTAL_NUMBER_OF_EBR
     FROM ebr_cycle_time ct
       JOIN ebr_area a
         ON (a.id = ct.ebr_area_id
             AND ct.status = 'FINISHED'
             AND a.ship_date IS NOT NULL)
       JOIN ebr_request r
         ON (a.ebr_id = r.id AND r.submit_date >= to_date((select STRING_VALUE from EBR_STATUS_TABLE where key = 'REPORT_DATE_FROM'),'DD.MM.YY'))
       JOIN EBR_GROUP_CYCLE_TIME_DEF gctd
         ON (ct.CYCLE_TIME_GROUP_DEF = gctd.ID)
       JOIN EBR_CYCLE_TIME_DEF ctd
         ON (ctd.ID = gctd.CYCLE_TIME_DEF_ID
             AND ctd.OTD_METRIC = 'Y')
       JOIN EBR_CYCLE_TIME_GROUP ctg
         ON (ctg.id = gctd.CYCLE_TIME_GROUP_ID)
       JOIN EEBR_MC_LCL_FISCAL FC
         ON (FC.MFL_QUERY_DT = TRUNC(a.ship_date) AND fc.MFL_QUERY_DT > add_months(trunc(sysdate, 'MM'), -8) AND fc.MFL_QUERY_DT <= sysdate)
     GROUP BY
       r.BUSINESS_UNIT_ID,
       a.site_id,
       a.area_def_id,
       ctd.name,
       fc.mfl_fiscal_yr_num,
       fc.mfl_fiscal_wk_num,
       ct.target,
       a.PRIORITY,
       r.CORPORATE_TD,
       r.EBR_BUILD_SUBTYPE
    ) otd
  GROUP BY
    otd.WEEK,
    otd.PAL2_ID,
    otd.SITE_ID,
    otd.AREA_ID,
    otd.OTD_METRIC;


CREATE OR REPLACE FORCE VIEW "LAGGING_SCORE_WEEKLY" AS
  SELECT
    dsc.SITE_ID,
    dsc.AREA_ID,
    dsc.CT_METRIC,
    (dsc.ARCHIVE_YEAR * 100 + dsc.ARCHIVE_WEEK) AS WEEK,
    ROUND(AVG(SCORE), 4)                        AS SCORE
  FROM
    (SELECT
       cts.site_id                                         AS SITE_ID,
       ls.AREA_DEF_ID                                      AS AREA_ID,
       ctd.name                                            AS CT_METRIC,
       ctd.id                                              AS CT_ID,
       fc.MFL_QUERY_DT                                     AS ARCHIVE_DAY,
       fc.MFL_FISCAL_WK_NUM                                AS ARCHIVE_WEEK,
       fc.MFL_FISCAL_MTH_NUM                               AS ARCHIVE_MONTH,
       fc.MFL_FISCAL_YR_NUM                                AS ARCHIVE_YEAR,
       (fc.MFL_FISCAL_YR_NUM * 100 + fc.MFL_FISCAL_WK_NUM) AS WEEK,
       CASE
       WHEN SUM(cts.PENALTY) > 0
         THEN SUM(cts.PENALTY)
       ELSE 0
       END                                                 AS EBR_PENALTY,
       COUNT(DISTINCT cts.ebr_number)                      AS NUMBER_OF_EBR,
       COUNT(DISTINCT (
         CASE
         WHEN cts.LAGGING_TIME > 0
           THEN cts.ebr_number
         ELSE NULL
         END))                                             AS NUMBER_OF_LAGGING_EBR,
       CASE
       WHEN SUM(cts.PENALTY) > 0
         THEN greatest(100 - 100 * (SUM(cts.PENALTY) / COUNT(DISTINCT cts.ebr_number)), 0)
       ELSE 100
       END                                                 AS SCORE
     FROM EBR_CYCLE_TIME_SNAPSHOT cts
       JOIN EBR_REQUEST r
         ON (r.ebr_number = cts.ebr_number AND r.submit_date >= to_date((select STRING_VALUE from EBR_STATUS_TABLE where key = 'REPORT_DATE_FROM'),'DD.MM.YY'))
       RIGHT JOIN EBR_LAGGING_STATISTIC ls
         ON ((TRUNC(ls.stat_date) = TRUNC(cts.SNAPSHOT_TIME))
             AND ls.site_id = cts.site_id
             AND cts.AREA_DEF_ID = ls.AREA_DEF_ID
             AND ls.CT_DEF_ID = cts.CYCLE_TIME_DEF_ID)
       JOIN EBR_CYCLE_TIME_DEF ctd
         ON (ls.CT_DEF_ID = ctd.id
             AND ctd.OTD_METRIC = 'Y')
       JOIN EEBR_MC_LCL_FISCAL fc
         ON (TRUNC(ls.STAT_DATE) = TRUNC(fc.MFL_QUERY_DT) AND fc.MFL_QUERY_DT > add_months(trunc(sysdate, 'MM'), -8))
     GROUP BY
       cts.site_id,
       ls.AREA_DEF_ID,
       ctd.name,
       ctd.id,
       fc.MFL_QUERY_DT,
       fc.MFL_FISCAL_WK_NUM,
       fc.MFL_FISCAL_MTH_NUM,
       fc.MFL_FISCAL_YR_NUM,
       ls.NUMBER_OF_EBR,
       ls.NUMBER_OF_LAGGING_EBR,
       TRUNC(ls.STAT_DATE)
    ) dsc
  GROUP BY dsc.SITE_ID,
    dsc.AREA_ID,
    dsc.CT_METRIC,
    dsc.ARCHIVE_WEEK,
    dsc.ARCHIVE_MONTH,
    dsc.ARCHIVE_YEAR;


CREATE OR REPLACE FORCE VIEW "START_COMPLIANCE_WEEKLY" AS
  SELECT
    'Starts Compliance'                                        AS CT_METRIC,
    a.site_id                                                 AS SITE_ID,
    a.area_def_id                                             AS AREA_ID,
    ((lstw.MFL_FISCAL_YR_NUM * 100) + lstw.MFL_FISCAL_WK_NUM) AS WEEK,
    ROUND(AVG(
              CASE
              WHEN ((ct.START_DATE IS NOT NULL
                     AND TRUNC((ct.START_DATE AT TIME ZONE 'MST') AT TIME ZONE s.time_zone) >
                         TRUNC((a.FIRST_FIRM_START_DATE AT TIME ZONE 'MST') AT TIME ZONE s.time_zone))
                    OR (ct.START_DATE IS NULL
                        AND next_day(TRUNC(sysdate) - 7, 'Sun') >
                            TRUNC((a.FIRST_FIRM_START_DATE AT TIME ZONE 'MST') AT TIME ZONE s.time_zone)))
                THEN 0
              ELSE 100
              END), 2)                                        AS SCORE
  FROM ebr_area a
    JOIN ebr_request r
      ON (a.ebr_id = r.id AND a.FIRST_FIRM_START_DATE IS NOT NULL
          AND a.FIRST_FIRM_START_DATE <= next_day(TRUNC(sysdate) - 7, 'Sun') AND AND r.status <> 'CANCELLED'
          AND r.submit_date >= to_date((select STRING_VALUE from EBR_STATUS_TABLE where key = 'REPORT_DATE_FROM'),'DD.MM.YY'))
    JOIN ebr_site s
      ON (s.id = a.site_id)
    LEFT JOIN
    (SELECT
       ct.START_DATE  AS START_DATE,
       ct.ROUND       AS ROUND,
       ct.ebr_area_id AS area_id
     FROM ebr_cycle_time ct
       JOIN EBR_GROUP_CYCLE_TIME_DEF gctd
         ON (ct.CYCLE_TIME_GROUP_DEF = gctd.ID
             AND ct.status <> 'NEW')
       JOIN EBR_CYCLE_TIME_DEF ctd
         ON (ctd.ID = gctd.CYCLE_TIME_DEF_ID
             AND ctd.code = 'SITE_PROCESSING')
    ) ct ON (ct.area_id = a.id)
    JOIN EEBR_MC_LCL_FISCAL lstw
      ON (lstw.MFL_QUERY_DT = TRUNC(FIRST_FIRM_START_DATE) AND lstw.MFL_QUERY_DT > add_months(trunc(sysdate, 'MM'), -8))
  GROUP BY
    a.site_id,
    s.time_zone,
    a.area_def_id,
    lstw.MFL_FISCAL_YR_NUM,
    lstw.MFL_FISCAL_WK_NUM;


CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW "OVERALL_WEEKLY"
  AS SELECT s.code AS SITE_CODE,
  s.name      AS SITE_NAME,
  reports.SITE_ID,
  ad.NAME AS AREA,
  ad.CODE AS AREA_CODE,
  reports.AREA_ID,
  reports.REPORT_TYPE,
   reports.CT_METRIC,
  reports.WEEK,
  reports.SCORE
FROM (
  (SELECT 'Starts Compliance' AS REPORT_TYPE,
    AREA_ID,
    SITE_ID,
    CT_METRIC,
    WEEK,
    SCORE
  FROM START_COMPLIANCE_WEEKLY
  )
UNION
  (SELECT 'OTD' AS REPORT_TYPE,
    AREA_ID,
    SITE_ID,
    OTD_WEEKLY.CT_METRIC,
    OTD_WEEKLY.WEEK,
    OTD_WEEKLY.OTD_VALUE AS SCORE
  FROM OTD_WEEKLY
  )
UNION
  (SELECT 'Lagging' AS REPORT_TYPE,
    AREA_ID,
    SITE_ID,
    LAGGING_SCORE_WEEKLY.CT_METRIC,
    LAGGING_SCORE_WEEKLY.WEEK,
    LAGGING_SCORE_WEEKLY.SCORE
  FROM LAGGING_SCORE_WEEKLY
  )) reports
JOIN EBR_SITE s
ON (s.id = reports.SITE_ID)
JOIN EBR_AREA_DEF ad
ON (ad.id = reports.area_id);

Answer 1

This is expected behaviour. The NEEDS_COMPILE status means that the MView data is different than the source data. It's only there for information purposes. If refresh on commit is not suitable for your usage, then you can ignore MViews in NEEDS_COMPILE status.

See MOS Doc ID 264036.1:

Dependencies related to MVs are automatically maintained to ensure correct operation. When an MV is created, the materialized view depends on the master tables referenced in its definition. Any DML operation, such as an INSERT, or DELETE, UPDATE, or DDL operation on any dependency in the materialized view will cause it to become invalid.