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Find out population growth and present in the following table R language

I am working with the urbanpop.xls dataset; it contains urban population metrics for practically all countries in the world throughout time (source file in attachments). It contains three sheets for three different time periods. In each sheet, the first row contains the column names. Now I need to find out population growth in percentage. Please help me solve the problems that are on the image:

在此处输入图片说明

即使您的问题不清楚,您也必须计算Growth(i) = Population(i)/Population(i-1)-1

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