With this small example, I'm trying to get the compiler to automatically deduce the template argument for the 2nd parameter. This works but is not as succinct as I would like.
struct Student {
AgeCategory age;
Income income;
bool is_student;
CreditRating credit_rating;
bool buys_computer;
};
// This works (A)
template<typename R>
auto calc_mean(const std::vector<Student> & in, std::function<R (Student const&)> attr)-> double
{
const auto mean = std::accumulate(std::begin(in), std::end(in), 0.0, [&attr](auto acc, const auto& val) {
// Call the attribute passed in
return acc += static_cast<double>(attr(val));
}) / static_cast<double>(in.size());
return mean;
}
// This doesn't work (B)
template<typename T>
auto calc_mean(const std::vector<Student> & in, T attr)-> double
{
const auto mean = std::accumulate(std::begin(in), std::end(in), 0.0, [&attr](auto acc, const auto& val) {
// Call the attribute passed in
return acc += static_cast<double>(attr(val));
}) / static_cast<double>(in.size());
return mean;
}
// Caller (A) - works but I have to explicitly state the attribute type
mean_stddev<AgeCategory>(buy, &Student::age);
// Caller (B) - what I'd like to be able to do and let compiler infer types
mean_stddev(buy, &Student::age);
Error is
>..\src\Main.cpp(16): error C2672: mean_stddev': no matching overloaded function found
1>..\src\Main.cpp(16): error C2784: 'std::tuple<double,double> mean_stddev(const std::vector<Student,std::allocator<_Ty>> &,T *)': could not deduce template argument for 'T *' from AgeCategory Student::* '
1> with
1> [
1> _Ty=Student
1> ]
1> c:\users\chowron\documents\development\projects\ml\src\Bayes.h(25): note: see declaration of mean_stddev'
What do I have to do to the function declaration for B to work with the more concise syntax.
To invoke attr
, you need to use std::invoke
:
template <class R> // <-- NB: R, not T
double calc_mean(const std::vector<Student>& in, R attr)
{
const auto mean = std::accumulate(in.begin(), in.end(), 0.0, [&attr](auto acc, const auto& val) {
return acc + static_cast<double>(std::invoke(attr, val));
}) / static_cast<double>(in.size());
return mean;
}
Or honestly:
template <class R> // <-- NB: R, not T
double calc_mean(const std::vector<Student>& in, R attr)
{
double sum = 0.0;
for (auto const& s : in) {
sum += std::invoke(attr, s);
}
return sum / in.size();
}
invoke()
is a C++17 function template, but you can implement it in C++11 per the reference attached. It will do the right thing for both functions, function objects, and pointers to members - which is basically what you want.
What do I have to do to the function declaration for B to work with the more concise syntax.
First of all, you should use the same template identificator: or R
or T
template<typename T> // <--- use R here
auto calc_mean(const std::vector<Student> & in, R attr)-> double
{
const auto mean = std::accumulate(std::begin(in), std::end(in), 0.0, [&attr](auto acc, const auto& val) {
// Call the attribute passed in
return acc += static_cast<double>(attr(val));
}) / static_cast<double>(in.size());
return mean;
}
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