Cannot add foreign key restraint error in MySQL?

Question

I keep getting the same error in MySQL and i'm not sure what I missing here. I am very new to working with MySQL, so I am not sure if I need to add a constraint maybe? If I do not need a constraint, is there another way to go about defining the relationships? Below is my syntax:

    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `art`;
    CREATE TABLE `art` (

   `art_id` INT NOT NULL,
   `art_name` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
   `artist_id` INT(11) NULL,
   `location_id` INT(11) NULL,
   `employee_id` INT(11) NULL,
   `art_received` DATE NULL,

  primary key (`art_id`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`artist_id`) REFERENCES artist(`artist_id`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`location_id`) REFERENCES location(`location_id`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`employee_id`) REFERENCES employee(`employee_id`)

  ); 

  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
 CREATE TABLE `employee` (

`employee_id` int(11),
`employee_userid` varchar(45),
`employee_fname` varchar(45),
`employee_lname` varchar(45),
`employee_phone` varchar (10),

primary key (`employee_id`)

); 

 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `artist`;
 CREATE TABLE `artist` (
`artist_id` int(11),
`artist_first` varchar(45),
`artist_last` varchar(45),
`artwork_title` varchar(45),

primary key (`artist_id`)

 ); 

 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `location`;
 CREATE TABLE `location` (
`location_id` int(11),
`location_name` varchar(45),
`start_date` date,
`end_date` date,

primary key (`location_id`)

); 

Answer 1

simply switch the order of which table gets created first . when you created table art the other three table still have not be created so it doesn't know what artist( artist_id ),location( location_id ),employee( employee_id ) are.

 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
 CREATE TABLE `employee` (

   `employee_id` int(11),
   `employee_userid` varchar(45),
   `employee_fname` varchar(45),
   `employee_lname` varchar(45),
   `employee_phone` varchar (10),

   primary key (`employee_id`)

); 

 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS artist;
 CREATE TABLE `artist` (
   `artist_id` int(11),
   `artist_first` varchar(45),
   `artist_last` varchar(45),
   `artwork_title` varchar(45),

   primary key (`artist_id`)

 ); 

 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `location`;
 CREATE TABLE `location` (
   `location_id` int(11),
   `location_name` varchar(45),
   `start_date` date,
   `end_date` date,

   primary key (`location_id`)

); 



DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `art`;
CREATE TABLE `art` (

   `art_id` INT NOT NULL,
   `art_name` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
   `artist_id` int(11) NULL,
   `location_id` int(11) NULL,
   `employee_id` int(11) NULL,
   `art_received` DATE NULL,

    primary key (`art_id`),

    FOREIGN KEY (`artist_id`) REFERENCES artist(`artist_id`),
    FOREIGN KEY (`location_id`) REFERENCES location(`location_id`),
    FOREIGN KEY (`employee_id`) REFERENCES employee(`employee_id`)



); 

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