My strings look like as follows:
crb_gdp_g_100000_16_16_ftv_all.txt
crb_gdp_g_100000_16_20_fweo2_all.txt
crb_gdp_g_100000_4_40_fweo2_galt_1.txt
I only want to extract the part between f and the following underscore (in these three cases "tv", "weo2" and "weo2").
My regular expression is:
regex.f = "_f([[:alnum:]]+)_"
There is no string with more than one part matching the pattern. Why does the following command not work?
sub(regex.f, "\\1", "crb_gdp_g_100000_16_16_ftv_all.txt")
The command only removes "_f" from the string and returns the remaining string.
Can easily be achived with qdapRegex
df <- c("crb_gdp_g_100000_16_16_ftv_all.txt",
"crb_gdp_g_100000_16_20_fweo2_all.txt",
"crb_gdp_g_100000_4_40_fweo2_galt_1.txt")
library(qdapRegex)
rm_between(df, "_f", "_", extract=TRUE)
We can use sub
extract the strings by matching the character f
followed by one or more characters that are not an underscore or numbers ( [^_0-9]+
), capture as a group ( (...)
), followed by 0 or more numbers ( \\\\d*
) followed by an _
and other characters. Replace with the backreference ( \\\\1
) of the captured group
sub(".*_f([^_0-9]+)\\d*_.*", "\\1", str1)
#[1] "tv" "weo" "weo"
str1 <- c("crb_gdp_g_100000_16_16_ftv_all.txt",
"crb_gdp_g_100000_16_20_fweo2_all.xml",
"crb_gdp_g_100000_4_40_fweo2_galt_1.txt")
My usual regex for extracting the text between two characters comes from https://stackoverflow.com/a/13499594/1017276 , which specifically looks at extracting text between parentheses. This approach only changes the parentheses to f
and _
.
x <- c("crb_gdp_g_100000_16_16_ftv_all.txt",
"crb_gdp_g_100000_16_20_fweo2_all.xml",
"crb_gdp_g_100000_4_40_fweo2_galt_1.txt",
"crb_gdp_g_100000_20_tbf_16_nqa_8_flin_galt_2.xml")
regmatches(x,gregexpr("(?<=_f).*?(?=_)", x, perl=TRUE))
Or with the stringr
package.
library(stringr)
str_extract(x, "(?<=_f).*?(?=_)")
edited to start the match on _f
instead of f
.
akrun's answer runs a few milliseconds faster than the stringr
approach, and about ten times faster than the base
approach. The base
approach clocks in at about 100 milliseconds for a character vector of 10,000 elements.
update: capture match using str_match
library(stringr)
m <- str_match("crb_gdp_g_100000_16_20_fweo2_all.txt", "_f([[:alnum:]]+)_")
print(m[[2]])
# weo2
your regex not work because missing starting and ending match .*
and use \\w
for shorthand [:alnum:]
sub(".*_f(\\w+?)_.*", "\\1", "crb_gdp_g_100000_16_20_fweo2_all.txt")
We could use the package unglue :
library(unglue)
txt <- c("crb_gdp_g_100000_16_16_ftv_all.txt",
"crb_gdp_g_100000_16_20_fweo2_all.txt",
"crb_gdp_g_100000_4_40_fweo2_galt_1.txt")
pattern <-
"crb_gdp_g_100000_{=\\d+}_{=\\d+}_f{x}_{=.+?}.txt"
unglue_vec(txt,pattern)
#> [1] "tv" "weo2" "weo2"
Created on 2019-10-09 by the reprex package (v0.3.0)
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