I am unable to install mlrose package

Question

Whenever I pip install mlrose, it is showing me the following error. I am new to machine learning, so a detailed explaination will be appreciated.

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17134.1069] (c) 2018 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

C:\Users\admin>pip install mlrose

Collecting mlrose
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0d/f8/79e77a40f6e8988e3ecc9ead8a28024ee43df9c99fce2209037c9e6f9e4a/mlrose-1.3.0-py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: scipy in c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages (from mlrose) (1.3.2)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages (from mlrose) (1.17.4)
Processing c:\users\admin\appdata\local\pip\cache\wheels\76\03\bb\589d421d27431bcd2c6da284d5f2286c8e3b2ea3cf1594c074\sklearn-0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting scikit-learn
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1e/ce/9d8c88e68af0a5b5c5d78d8d2b7bcadfd45e1d6afc863ccb9aee30765b06/scikit-learn-0.21.3.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: joblib>=0.11 in c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages (from scikit-learn->sklearn->mlrose) (0.14.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: scikit-learn
  Building wheel for scikit-learn (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\Public\\Documents\\Wondershare\\CreatorTemp\\pip-install-8ooeas1k\\scikit-learn\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\Public\\Documents\\Wondershare\\CreatorTemp\\pip-install-8ooeas1k\\scikit-learn\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d 'C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-wheel-jm5hdzgz' --python-tag cp38
       cwd: C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\
  Complete output (37 lines):
  Partial import of sklearn during the build process.
  No module named 'numpy.distutils._msvccompiler' in numpy.distutils; trying from distutils
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
    File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\setup.py", line 290, in <module>
      setup_package()
    File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\setup.py", line 286, in setup_package
      setup(**metadata)
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\numpy\distutils\core.py", line 137, in setup
      config = configuration()
    File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\setup.py", line 174, in configuration
      config.add_subpackage('sklearn')
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\numpy\distutils\misc_util.py", line 1033, in add_subpackage
      config_list = self.get_subpackage(subpackage_name, subpackage_path,
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\numpy\distutils\misc_util.py", line 999, in get_subpackage
      config = self._get_configuration_from_setup_py(
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\numpy\distutils\misc_util.py", line 941, in _get_configuration_from_setup_py
      config = setup_module.configuration(*args)
    File "sklearn\setup.py", line 76, in configuration
      maybe_cythonize_extensions(top_path, config)
    File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\sklearn\_build_utils\__init__.py", line 42, in maybe_cythonize_extensions
      with_openmp = check_openmp_support()
    File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\sklearn\_build_utils\openmp_helpers.py", line 83, in check_openmp_support
      ccompiler.compile(['test_openmp.c'], output_dir='objects',
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 360, in compile
      self.initialize()
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 253, in initialize
      vc_env = _get_vc_env(plat_spec)
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 171, in msvc14_get_vc_env
      return EnvironmentInfo(plat_spec, vc_min_ver=14.0).return_env()
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 1075, in __init__
      self.si = SystemInfo(self.ri, vc_ver)
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 547, in __init__
      vc_ver or self._find_latest_available_vs_ver())
    File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 561, in _find_latest_available_vs_ver
      raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(
  distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Build Tools for Visual Studio": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for scikit-learn
  Running setup.py clean for scikit-learn
Failed to build scikit-learn
Installing collected packages: scikit-learn, sklearn, mlrose
    Running setup.py install for scikit-learn ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\Public\\Documents\\Wondershare\\CreatorTemp\\pip-install-8ooeas1k\\scikit-learn\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\Public\\Documents\\Wondershare\\CreatorTemp\\pip-install-8ooeas1k\\scikit-learn\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-record-x04bx8yu\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile
         cwd: C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\
    Complete output (37 lines):
    Partial import of sklearn during the build process.
    No module named 'numpy.distutils._msvccompiler' in numpy.distutils; trying from distutils
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\setup.py", line 290, in <module>
        setup_package()
      File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\setup.py", line 286, in setup_package
        setup(**metadata)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\numpy\distutils\core.py", line 137, in setup
        config = configuration()
      File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\setup.py", line 174, in configuration
        config.add_subpackage('sklearn')
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\numpy\distutils\misc_util.py", line 1033, in add_subpackage
        config_list = self.get_subpackage(subpackage_name, subpackage_path,
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\numpy\distutils\misc_util.py", line 999, in get_subpackage
        config = self._get_configuration_from_setup_py(
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\numpy\distutils\misc_util.py", line 941, in _get_configuration_from_setup_py
        config = setup_module.configuration(*args)
      File "sklearn\setup.py", line 76, in configuration
        maybe_cythonize_extensions(top_path, config)
      File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\sklearn\_build_utils\__init__.py", line 42, in maybe_cythonize_extensions
        with_openmp = check_openmp_support()
      File "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-install-8ooeas1k\scikit-learn\sklearn\_build_utils\openmp_helpers.py", line 83, in check_openmp_support
        ccompiler.compile(['test_openmp.c'], output_dir='objects',
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 360, in compile
        self.initialize()
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 253, in initialize
        vc_env = _get_vc_env(plat_spec)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 171, in msvc14_get_vc_env
        return EnvironmentInfo(plat_spec, vc_min_ver=14.0).return_env()
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 1075, in __init__
        self.si = SystemInfo(self.ri, vc_ver)
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 547, in __init__
        vc_ver or self._find_latest_available_vs_ver())
      File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 561, in _find_latest_available_vs_ver
        raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(
    distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Build Tools for Visual Studio": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python38-32\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\Public\\Documents\\Wondershare\\CreatorTemp\\pip-install-8ooeas1k\\scikit-learn\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\Public\\Documents\\Wondershare\\CreatorTemp\\pip-install-8ooeas1k\\scikit-learn\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp\pip-record-x04bx8yu\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.

What do I do?

Answer 1

Your error says:

Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Build Tools for Visual Studio": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/

What it is telling you is that you need to have Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 installed on your machine in order to install your module. It is the standard toolchain to compile c/cpp source code for windows platforms. This is needed if you try to install a python module from source that has some parts written in c/cpp for speed that need to be compiled.

Getting an installation from source working for complicated modules can be a pain, esspecially on windows, but fortunately, you have Options:

---

Usually many well known packages provide whl files, which are pre-compiled versions of the module and can be readily installed without the need to compile anything on your Computer. In your case, you can see from the output, that mlrose is actually downloaded as a whl file

Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0d/f8/79e77a40f6e8988e3ecc9ead8a28024ee43df9c99fce2209037c9e6f9e4a/mlrose-1.3.0-py3-none-any.whl

However scikit-learn (which is a dependency) is downloaded as source code, instead of a whl file:

Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1e/ce/9d8c88e68af0a5b5c5d78d8d2b7bcadfd45e1d6afc863ccb9aee30765b06/scikit-learn-0.21.3.tar.gz

And during its compilation, the error pops up that you don't have the neccessary compiler installed. If you check the pypi page , you can see that for your python version (python 3.8) there are no whl files available, they only go up to cp37 (=python 3.7).

Python 3.8 is rather new, therefore there are not always official pre-built whl files available. Now you could either:

1. Uninstall python 3.8 and instead install python 3.7 for which the chance is higher to habve official whl files on pypi
2. Use whl files from an unofficial source, ie this one
3. Uninstall python 3.8 and install python 3.7 using anaconda which comes with many packages pre installed
4. Install the Microsoft Visual Build Tools and try to compile the relevant libs yourself

My suggestion would be to go with #3 if you just want to have an installation running as quickly and worry free as possible and don't care if you have python 3.7 or python 3.8