As part of one of my requirement, I am trying to create a docker image from alpine 3.9 and installing python 3.8 in it, which works fine. But when I try to install dask[complete] in it it is failing with the following error :
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python3.6 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-qz3whw9z/pillow/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-qz3whw9z/pillow/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-9hrkto9l/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-qz3whw9z/pillow/
Complete output (174 lines):
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/TiffTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageMath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PsdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/_util.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/Image.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/GimpGradientFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PSDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ExifTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/FitsStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PcfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImagePath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/SunImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PyAccess.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/GbrImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/JpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/DdsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PdfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/SgiImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/MspImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/features.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PalmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImtImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/GifImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/CurImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/XpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/WmfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/FtexImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PcdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/BmpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/DcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageQt.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/FontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/IcoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageWin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageOps.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/FpxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageFont.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageChops.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageShow.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageMode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/Jpeg2KImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/JpegPresets.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageColor.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/WalImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageMorph.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageSequence.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageGrab.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/BlpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/_tkinter_finder.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageFilter.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageStat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/BdfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/WebPImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PixarImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImagePalette.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/__main__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageEnhance.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/MpoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/GimpPaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ContainerIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageTransform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageDraw2.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/TgaImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/MpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageTk.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/ImageCms.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/FliImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/_binary.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/TarIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/GdImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PdfParser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/PaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/MicImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
copying src/PIL/_version.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/PIL
running egg_info
writing src/Pillow.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to src/Pillow.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to src/Pillow.egg-info/top_level.txt
reading manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
warning: no files found matching '*.c'
warning: no files found matching '*.h'
warning: no files found matching '*.sh'
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.appveyor.yml'
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.coveragerc'
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.codecov.yml'
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.editorconfig'
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.readthedocs.yml'
warning: no previously-included files found matching 'azure-pipelines.yml'
warning: no previously-included files matching '.git*' found anywhere in distribution
warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution
warning: no previously-included files matching '*.so' found anywhere in distribution
no previously-included directories found matching '.azure-pipelines'
no previously-included directories found matching '.travis'
writing manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
running build_ext
The headers or library files could not be found for zlib,
a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
Please see the install instructions at:
https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/tmp/pip-install-qz3whw9z/pillow/setup.py", line 892, in <module>
zip_safe=not (debug_build() or PLATFORM_MINGW),
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 145, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 61, in run
return orig.install.run(self)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/command/install.py", line 545, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 339, in run
self.build_extensions()
File "/tmp/pip-install-qz3whw9z/pillow/setup.py", line 687, in build_extensions
raise RequiredDependencyException(f)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException: zlib
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-install-qz3whw9z/pillow/setup.py", line 907, in <module>
raise RequiredDependencyException(msg)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException:
The headers or library files could not be found for zlib,
a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
Please see the install instructions at:
https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python3.6 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-qz3whw9z/pillow/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-qz3whw9z/pillow/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-9hrkto9l/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.
Meanwhile when I try the same thing with debian:buster/python:latest
it works fine, but due to some standards I need to use alpine 3.9 image only. Adding the docker file content so that you can replicate the error.
FROM alpine:3.9
RUN apk add --no-cache python3 && \
python3 -m ensurepip && \
rm -r /usr/lib/python*/ensurepip && \
pip3 install --upgrade pip setuptools && \
if [ ! -e /usr/bin/pip ]; then ln -s pip3 /usr/bin/pip ; fi && \
if [[ ! -e /usr/bin/python ]]; then ln -sf /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python; fi && \
rm -r /root/.cache
RUN apk upgrade --no-cache
RUN apk add build-base
RUN apk add --no-cache python3-dev libstdc++ && \
apk add --no-cache g++ && \
apk add --no-cache gcc && \
ln -s /usr/include/locale.h /usr/include/xlocale.h && \
#pip3 install numpy && \
#pip3 install pandas && \
pip3 install pycryptodome && \
pip3 install "dask[complete]"
CMD ["python3"]
Alpine is a minimal working linux image, therefore quite often required libraries are missing to compile python packages. I ran into similar issues quite often, depending on the pyhton package I wanted to install.
Your log shows, that you are missing header files for zlib:
The headers or library files could not be found for zlib, a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
Therefore, you need to install the according library zlib-dev
.
For the image I create I usually use the following snippet:
RUN apk add --update --no-cache --virtual .build-deps \
gcc \
musl-dev \
make \
&& apk add --update --no-cache \
python3 \
python3-dev \
krb5-dev \
libxml2-dev \
libxslt-dev \
libffi-dev \
jpeg-dev \
zlib-dev \
libffi-dev \
openssl-dev \
git \
&& pip3 install --upgrade pip \
&& pip3 install --cache-dir=/pipcache -r requirements.txt && rm -rf /pipcache \
&& apk del .build-deps
Hope this helps.
I suggest not using Alpine at all.
The motivation for using Alpine is small images. But, Python wheel packages, pre-compiled binaries, won't work on Alpine. So you have to recompile everything. So you have to install a compiler and dev packages and recompile everything and that just makes your image builds slower and your images bigger.
If you start with Debian-based image, much of the time you won't need to compile anything at all. And if you do, it'll be much smaller set of Python packages.
Longer write-up, with other reasons why Alpine isn't a good idea: https://pythonspeed.com/articles/base-image-python-docker-images/
@Simon's answer is pretty close but not exactly what I was looking for. With a little bit of research I was able to solve the issue, posting the correct Dockerfile.
FROM alpine:3.9
RUN apk add --no-cache python3 && \
python3 -m ensurepip && \
rm -r /usr/lib/python*/ensurepip && \
pip3 install --upgrade pip setuptools && \
if [ ! -e /usr/bin/pip ]; then ln -s pip3 /usr/bin/pip ; fi && \
if [[ ! -e /usr/bin/python ]]; then ln -sf /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python;
fi && \
rm -r /root/.cache
RUN apk upgrade --no-cache
RUN apk add build-base
RUN apk add --no-cache python3-dev libstdc++ && \
apk add --no-cache g++ && \
apk add --no-cache gcc \
krb5-dev \
libstdc++ \
libxml2-dev \
libxslt-dev \
libffi-dev \
jpeg-dev \
zlib-dev \
openssl-dev \
build-base \
git && \
ln -s /usr/include/locale.h /usr/include/xlocale.h && \
pip3 install pycryptodome && \
pip3 install "dask[complete]"
CMD ["python3"]
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