All possible combinations of a list of tuples

Question

I'm creating "Boggle" in python, and I have a list of tuples that represent coordinates on a game board:

all_coordinates = [(0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (2, 1), (0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2), (0, 3), (1, 3), (2, 3)]

I'm trying to create a new list of lists of tuples that will represent all possible paths on the board.

It'd look something like this:

[[(0,0),(1,0)], ... , [(0,0),(1,0),(2,0),(2,1)] , ... , [(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3)], ...]

I tried using itertools.combinations and itertools.permutations but it doesn't seem to do the job, for example the following path:

[(2,1),(1,1),(1,0),(2,0)]

does not appear on the list.

This particular function doesn't necessarily have to output 'valid' paths (valid = moving one step horizontally, vertically or diagonally each time), just all of the possible combinations from the tuples representing the board. I have a function that checks if a certain path returns a valid word. I'm trying to print out all possible paths that return a valid word on the board.

Answer 1

itertools.permutations does indeed produce all the permutations, including the [(2,1),(1,1),(1,0),(2,0)] one that you said was missing. Note that each call to permutations gets you all the permutations of a particular length:

>>> all_coordinates = [(0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (2, 1), (0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2), (0, 3), (1, 3), (2, 3)]
>>> from itertools import permutations
>>> ((2,1),(1,1),(1,0),(2,0)) in permutations(all_coordinates, 4)
True

If you want to see all the permutations from, say, length 2 to length 4, try:

for k in range(2, 5):
    for p in permutations(all_coordinates, k):
        print(p)

The resulting sequence is very long; as others have pointed out, you might want to come up with another method for generating paths that only include adjacent coordinates (eg a breadth-first search).

(edit) Just for fun, here's a very quick DFS approach to building all the paths up to length 4 by looking only at adjacent coordinates:

>>> def print_paths(path):
...     print(path)
...     if len(path) >= 4:
...         return
...     x, y = path[-1]
...     for dx in range(-1, 2):
...         for dy in range(-1, 2):
...             c = x + dx, y + dy
...             if c not in path and c in all_coordinates:
...                 print_paths(path + [c])
...
>>> print_paths([(2, 1)])
[(2, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (0, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (0, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (0, 1), (0, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 2)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 2)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (2, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (2, 2)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (2, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 0), (2, 0), (1, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 0), (0, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 0), (1, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 2)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 1), (1, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 1), (1, 2)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 2)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 2), (0, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 2), (1, 2)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (0, 2), (1, 3)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (1, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (1, 0), (0, 0)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (1, 0), (0, 1)]
[(2, 1), (1, 1), (1, 0), (2, 0)]
(...)

Answer 2

itertools.product() does exactly what you're looking for.

>>> import itertools
>>> tuple1 = ("A", "B", "C")
>>> tuple2 = ("D", "E", "F")
>>> list(itertools.product(tuple1, tuple2))
[('A', 'D'), ('A', 'E'), ('A', 'F'), ('B', 'D'), ('B', 'E'), ('B', 'F'), ('C', 'D'), ('C', 'E'), ('C', 'F')]
>>> [''.join(x) for x in itertools.product(tuple1, tuple2)]
['AD', 'AE', 'AF', 'BD', 'BE', 'BF', 'CD', 'CE', 'CF']