Retrieving the memory map of its own process in OS X 10.5/10.6

Question

In Linux, the easiest way to look at a process' memory map is looking at /proc/PID/maps , giving something like this:

08048000-08056000 r-xp 00000000 03:0c 64593      /usr/sbin/gpm
08056000-08058000 rw-p 0000d000 03:0c 64593      /usr/sbin/gpm
08058000-0805b000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0
40000000-40013000 r-xp 00000000 03:0c 4165       /lib/ld-2.2.4.so
40013000-40015000 rw-p 00012000 03:0c 4165       /lib/ld-2.2.4.so
4001f000-40135000 r-xp 00000000 03:0c 45494      /lib/libc-2.2.4.so
40135000-4013e000 rw-p 00115000 03:0c 45494      /lib/libc-2.2.4.so
4013e000-40142000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
bffff000-c0000000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0

How can a process get the equivalent information (address ranges, protection, mapped filename, etc...) about a process' own memory map under OSX 10.5 or 10.6?

Answer 1

There is a MacFUSE implementation of procfs . With it, you can get the memory map as follows:

cat /proc/PID/task/vmmap

Looking at the source code , it looks like it's using the Mach virtual memory interface to get the memory map from the kernel.

Here's the implementation for the vmmap pseudofile:

/*
 * procfs as a MacFUSE file system for Mac OS X
 *
 * Copyright Amit Singh. All Rights Reserved.
 * http://osxbook.com
 *
 * http://code.google.com/p/macfuse/
 *
 * Source License: GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE (GPL)
 */
READ_HANDLER(proc__task__vmmap)
{
    int len = -1;
    kern_return_t kr;
#define MAX_VMMAP_SIZE 65536 /* XXX */
    char tmpbuf[MAX_VMMAP_SIZE];
    task_t the_task;
    pid_t pid = strtol(argv[0], NULL, 10);

    kr = task_for_pid(mach_task_self(), pid, &the_task);
    if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
        return -EIO;
    }

    vm_size_t vmsize;
    vm_address_t address;
    vm_region_basic_info_data_t info;
    mach_msg_type_number_t info_count;
    vm_region_flavor_t flavor;
    memory_object_name_t object;

    kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
    address = 0;
    len = 0;

    do {
        flavor = VM_REGION_BASIC_INFO;
        info_count = VM_REGION_BASIC_INFO_COUNT;
        kr = vm_region(the_task, &address, &vmsize, flavor,
                       (vm_region_info_t)&info, &info_count, &object);
        if (kr == KERN_SUCCESS) {
            if (len >= MAX_VMMAP_SIZE) {
                goto gotdata;
            }
            len += snprintf(tmpbuf + len, MAX_VMMAP_SIZE - len,
            "%08x-%08x %8uK %c%c%c/%c%c%c %11s %6s %10s uwir=%hu sub=%u\n",
                            address, (address + vmsize), (vmsize >> 10),
                            (info.protection & VM_PROT_READ)        ? 'r' : '-',
                            (info.protection & VM_PROT_WRITE)       ? 'w' : '-',
                            (info.protection & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)     ? 'x' : '-',
                            (info.max_protection & VM_PROT_READ)    ? 'r' : '-',
                            (info.max_protection & VM_PROT_WRITE)   ? 'w' : '-',
                            (info.max_protection & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) ? 'x' : '-',
                            inheritance_strings[info.inheritance],
                            (info.shared) ? "shared" : "-",
                            behavior_strings[info.behavior],
                            info.user_wired_count,
                            info.reserved);
            address += vmsize;
        } else if (kr != KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS) {

            if (the_task != MACH_PORT_NULL) {
                mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), the_task);
            }

            return -EIO;
        }
    } while (kr != KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS);

gotdata:

    if (the_task != MACH_PORT_NULL) {
        mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), the_task);
    }

    READ_PROC_TASK_EPILOGUE();
}

Answer 2

Take a look at this thread from 2007 on the Darwin-kernel mailing list. In a nutshell, your choices are to popen vmmap (which is setgid appropriately) or use the Mach VM region APIs in /usr/include/mach/mach_vm.h . I found a decent example of using the Mach API in the Sage Mathematics System sources .

Answer 3

A couple more links for those looking for vmmap source (it's not published ):

• http://www.newosxbook.com/src.jl?tree=listings&file=12-1-vmmap.c
• https://code.google.com/p/psutil/source/browse/psutil/_psutil_osx.c#274 (get_process_memory_maps) and https://code.google.com/p/psutil/issues/detail?id=260

Getting the the mapped file name and the names of libraries from dyld_shared_cache: https://stackoverflow.com/a/17180619/1026

Answer 4

GNUlib（ http://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/ ）包含一个函数，用于迭代大多数操作系统中的所有虚拟内存段，包括MAC OS X.它位于vma-iter.c中