When I use the substr() function in PHP, I get an question mark (a square with a question mark - depending on the browser) at the end of the string when this last character was a special one, like ë or ö, etc...
$introtext = html_entity_decode($item->description, ENT_QUOTES, "UTF-8");
$introtext = substr($introtext, 0, 200);
How can I escape this?
If your string has multibyte encoding (like UTF-8) does, you should use mb_substr
to avoid problems like this:
$introtext=mb_substr($introtext,0,200);
In case someone tried the previous answers, and it still didn't work:
Try to add a Unicode name in mb_substr
like:
$introtext = mb_substr($introtext, 0, 200, 'utf-8');
That is because substr does not work with multibyte characters. substr will probably cut a multibyte character "in half". You should instead use mb_substr . Also make sure that your file is saved in UTF-8.
$introtext = mb_substr($introtext, 0, 200);
Use mb_substr
use mb_substr
instead of substr
that solves problems like that, but before that check mb_string
is enabled in your PHP configuration by:
php -i | grep mbstring
It would show you that the mb_string
is enabled or not. If not you can install that by: (for PHP 8.0)
sudo apt-get install php8.0-mbstring
Now you can use mb_substr like this:
mb_substr(string $string, int $start, int $length, string $encoding): string
$introtext = mb_substr($introtext, 0, 200, 'UTF-8');
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