Display X509Certificate with chain elements not in certificate store

Question

I have an object of type X509Certificate2 and want to display it to the user. I'm doing this with the X509Certificate2UI.DisplayCertificate method.

The problem I have is that this certificate I want to show is issued by an intermediate CA whichs certificate is not in the machines certificate store , but its root is.

Now if I display said certificate the dialog is not able to build the chain (opposite to me, as I am able to with the X509Chain and the intermediate CA as an extra element)

How do I display the certificate with the whole chain?

X509Certificate2 endCert = ...;
X509Certificate2 intermediateCA = ...;

X509Chain chain = new X509Chain();
chain.ChainPolicy.ExtraStore.Add(intermediateCA);
chain.Build(endCert); // Whole chain!

X509Certificate2UI.DisplayCertificate(endCert); // Dialog shows: "The issuer of this certificate could not be found."

(I'm not able/allowed to add the intermediate CA to the user/machine store!)
(I'm not able/allowed to create my own dialog. It has to be the default Windows dialog!)
(P/Invoke is allowed if required)

---

Just as an example you can try these certificates to test above, but you have to reference System.Security.dll for X509Certificate2UI.DisplayCertificate :

X509Certificate2 endCert = new X509Certificate2(
            Convert.FromBase64String(
                "MIIE8zCCA9ugAwIBAgIQSBDq+mlsLsCZqWMIWj/YADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADA8MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMVGhhd3RlLCBJbmMuMRYwFAYDVQQDEw1UaGF3dGUgU1NMIENBMB4XDTExMTI" + 
                "yMDAwMDAwMFoXDTE0MDIxNzIzNTk1OVowgYsxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMREwDwYDVQQIEwhNYXJ5bGFuZDEUMBIGA1UEBxQLRm9yZXN0IEhpbGwxIzAhBgNVBAoUGkFwYWNoZSBTb2Z0d2FyZSBGb3VuZGF0aW" +
                "9uMRcwFQYDVQQLFA5JbmZyYXN0cnVjdHVyZTEVMBMGA1UEAxQMKi5hcGFjaGUub3JnMIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEApyhxElzdnWks7MMCEx24FMhHCbFcgKbO+fh/+JYrV91Cs" +
                "xsdqsAsvAU37P/eLMQ3ZVm93c6uQbt6cq+0VXniviFjXS3qUUJVUC60Q/YDzaYrTFZdY8ccA5wWdFTiMlJgwIqdlvB7JLkOzotvawRfJxeH+aucY756TdYGapAyno+3pWNXnU5sr1oaJ4uGchaS7LUAqpfP" +
                "fA3oTv63ZmIzHh2MTfDeUgdVSxeqEj3FCObLdps4Fs6c08Re2KAEZ+0UcMwNyJh0y6aP6PBgZAdt3qODONrI56TCDxjMC47lmIrm/U2Vy+v1LB90uU/1ESAiKvIKLjVZucO0U4Ol8VgiSDIH1FezXEhl+fP" + 
                "zY1N18u6kMx0AGDKDO0fBkUpkA6r6K4Kk/YvEJBLiIvLwLLnQhcwJjhRZItA52dNvKHMRYh5er1xVbLj7X+ujDfA6RpJYOmmPUxYzsZpZhTk0wybuGrkuvrm5t9ONP4p/2lan1G9aXqK6OLNh4W9IVUs1o1" +
                "KvMP86ToBOsZY/g50cld0kh7AMR+W/Lg9WtPxs1nq98k2J7HZBmMnYTEqwzSFtsMzGlqcFXO170JnfgklUjzi12vwQYO0bf/q+3e7QQsYRXzSGUEdKJZvzs0P09jJ6W/mDdnMdaoh7eYP5eynleZtElUgcd" +
                "NNgVAHn8NEUnJpwbGUCAwEAAaOBoDCBnTAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAAMDoGA1UdHwQzMDEwL6AtoCuGKWh0dHA6Ly9zdnItb3YtY3JsLnRoYXd0ZS5jb20vVGhhd3RlT1YuY3JsMB0GA1UdJQQWMBQGCCsGAQUF" +
                "BwMBBggrBgEFBQcDAjAyBggrBgEFBQcBAQQmMCQwIgYIKwYBBQUHMAGGFmh0dHA6Ly9vY3NwLnRoYXd0ZS5jb20wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAA6BnlWlsAXvTmDpqijPpBUkD9Xkbys7UC/FOuUVr3P" +
                "K3d3GCQynwhooBe2CAshtxjb3Cc8zJfeqb5IQfjTcuEznIpONvqFvSmU4/INS+3/TPLoyQ81wpsIUbJzhhJY78CH8TZ5cn2BtWkI9fEydAXYe9a64GVdjPBJhneBon3J63s895GSSucQAIQZEiXBAqoklS5" +
                "n0Ud2aSYrNZJUVN3o8Rh0tvd0W2l6KjBaIZLUTieDZb3eRrValvjYDcCp9uI3aTdhht6zxUuE+OZ7DPWIWz3EYTMVTTtQdojJK9mM++JC74Y4s+JSCgRzTn3CxDMWPG5FWxavENub0FfsXfnY="));

X509Certificate2 intermediateCA = new X509Certificate2(
            Convert.FromBase64String(
                "MIIEbDCCA1SgAwIBAgIQTV8sNAiyTCDNbVB+JE3J7DANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCBqTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDHRoYXd0ZSwgSW5jLjEoMCYGA1UECxMfQ2VydGlmaWNhdGlvbiBTZXJ2aWN" + 
                "lcyBEaXZpc2lvbjE4MDYGA1UECxMvKGMpIDIwMDYgdGhhd3RlLCBJbmMuIC0gRm9yIGF1dGhvcml6ZWQgdXNlIG9ubHkxHzAdBgNVBAMTFnRoYXd0ZSBQcmltYXJ5IFJvb3QgQ0EwHhcNMTAwMjA4MDAwMD" + 
                "AwWhcNMjAwMjA3MjM1OTU5WjA8MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMVGhhd3RlLCBJbmMuMRYwFAYDVQQDEw1UaGF3dGUgU1NMIENBMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAmeSFW" + 
                "3ZJfS8F2MWsyMip09yY5tc0pi8M8iIm2KPJFEyPBaRF6BQMWJAFGrfFwQalgK+7HUlrUjSIw1nn72vEJ0GMK2Yd0OCjl5gZNEtB1ZjVxwWtouTX7QytT8G1sCH9PlBTssSQ0NQwZ2ya8Q50xMLciuiX/8mS" + 
                "rgGKVgqYMrAAI+yQGmDD7bs6yw9jnw1EyVLhJZa/7VCViX9WFLG3YR0cB4w6LPf/gN45RdWvGtF42MdxaqMZpzJQIenyDqHGEwNESNFmqFJX1xG0k4vlmZ9d53hR5U32t1m0drUJN00GOBN6HAiYXMRISst" + 
                "SoKn4sZ2Oe3mwIC88lqgRYke7EQIDAQABo4H7MIH4MDIGCCsGAQUFBwEBBCYwJDAiBggrBgEFBQcwAYYWaHR0cDovL29jc3AudGhhd3RlLmNvbTASBgNVHRMBAf8ECDAGAQH/AgEAMDQGA1UdHwQtMCswKa" + 
                "AnoCWGI2h0dHA6Ly9jcmwudGhhd3RlLmNvbS9UaGF3dGVQQ0EuY3JsMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAoBgNVHREEITAfpB0wGzEZMBcGA1UEAxMQVmVyaVNpZ25NUEtJLTItOTAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUp6KDuzRFQ" + 
                "D381TBPErk+oQGf9tswHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUe1tFz6/Oy3r9MZIaarbzRutXSFAwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAIAigOBsyJUW11cmh/NyNNvGclYnPtOW9i4lkaU+M5enS+Uv+yV9Lwdh+m+DdExMU3Ig" + 
                "pHrPUVFWgYiwbR82LMgrsYiZwf5Eq0hRfNjyRGQq2HGn+xov+RmNNLIjv8RMVR2OROiqXZrdn/0Dx7okQ40tR0Tb9tiYyLL52u/tKVxpEvrRI5YPv5wN8nlFUzeaVi/oVxBw9u6JDEmJmsEj9cIqzEHPIqt" + 
                "lbreUgm0vQF9Y3uuVK6ZyaFIZkSqudZ1OkubK3lTqGKslPOZkpnkfJn1h7X3S5XFV2JMXfBQ4MDzfhuNMrUnjl1nOG5srztxl1Asoa06ERlFE9zMILViXIa4="));

---

I am confident that this should be somehow possible, as the Internet Explorer is doing the same. You can try it with https://httpd.apache.org/ (The certificates above are from there)

Answer 1

In case anybody needs the code:

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public struct CRYPTUI_VIEWCERTIFICATE_STRUCT
{
    public int dwSize;
    public IntPtr hwndParent;
    public int dwFlags;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
    public String szTitle;
    public IntPtr pCertContext;
    public IntPtr rgszPurposes;
    public int cPurposes;
    public IntPtr pCryptProviderData;
    public Boolean fpCryptProviderDataTrustedUsage;
    public int idxSigner;
    public int idxCert;
    public Boolean fCounterSigner;
    public int idxCounterSigner;
    public int cStores;
    public IntPtr rghStores;
    public int cPropSheetPages;
    public IntPtr rgPropSheetPages;
    public int nStartPage;
}

public static class CryptAPI
{
    public static void ShowCertificateDialog(X509Chain chain, string title, IntPtr parent)
    {
        const int certStoreProvMemory = 2;      // CERT_STORE_PROV_MEMORY
        const int certCloseStoreCheckFlag = 2;  // CERT_CLOSE_STORE_CHECK_FLAG
        const uint certStoreAddAlways = 4;      // CERT_STORE_ADD_ALWAYS
        const uint x509AsnEncoding = 1;         // X509_ASN_ENCODING

        var storeHandle = CertOpenStore(certStoreProvMemory, 0, 0, 0, null);
        if (storeHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
            throw new Win32Exception();

        try
        {
            foreach (var element in chain.ChainElements)
            {
                var certificate = element.Certificate;
                var certificateBytes = certificate.Export(X509ContentType.Cert);
                var certContextHandle = CertCreateCertificateContext(
                    x509AsnEncoding, certificateBytes, (uint)certificateBytes.Length);

                if (certContextHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
                    throw new Win32Exception();

                CertAddCertificateContextToStore(storeHandle, certContextHandle, certStoreAddAlways, IntPtr.Zero);
            }

            var extraStoreArray = new[] { storeHandle };
            var extraStoreArrayHandle = GCHandle.Alloc(extraStoreArray, GCHandleType.Pinned);
            try
            {
                var extraStorePointer = extraStoreArrayHandle.AddrOfPinnedObject();

                var viewInfo = new CRYPTUI_VIEWCERTIFICATE_STRUCT();
                viewInfo.hwndParent = parent;
                viewInfo.dwSize = Marshal.SizeOf(viewInfo);
                viewInfo.pCertContext = chain.ChainElements[0].Certificate.Handle;
                viewInfo.szTitle = title;
                viewInfo.nStartPage = 0;
                viewInfo.cStores = 1;
                viewInfo.rghStores = extraStorePointer;
                var fPropertiesChanged = false;
                CryptUIDlgViewCertificate(ref viewInfo, ref fPropertiesChanged);
            }
            finally
            {
                if (extraStoreArrayHandle.IsAllocated)
                    extraStoreArrayHandle.Free();
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            CertCloseStore(storeHandle, certCloseStoreCheckFlag);
        }
    }

    [DllImport("CRYPT32", EntryPoint = "CertOpenStore", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern IntPtr CertOpenStore(int storeProvider, int encodingType, int hcryptProv, int flags, string pvPara);

    [DllImport("crypt32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern IntPtr CertCreateCertificateContext([In] uint dwCertEncodingType, [In] byte[] pbCertEncoded, [In] uint cbCertEncoded);

    [DllImport("crypt32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern bool CertAddCertificateContextToStore([In] IntPtr hCertStore, [In] IntPtr pCertContext, [In] uint dwAddDisposition, [In, Out] IntPtr ppStoreContext);

    [DllImport("crypt32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern bool CertFreeCertificateContext([In] IntPtr pCertContext);

    [DllImport("CRYPT32", EntryPoint = "CertCloseStore", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern bool CertCloseStore(IntPtr storeProvider, int flags);

    [DllImport("CryptUI.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern bool CryptUIDlgViewCertificate(ref CRYPTUI_VIEWCERTIFICATE_STRUCT pCertViewInfo, ref bool pfPropertiesChanged);
}

It takes a certificate chain, where each certificate may not be in user/machine store and shows a dialog with the first certificate in chain. Other certificates are used to build a certificate path.

Answer 2

如果可能，您需要做的是使用CAPI 创建内存证书存储并将中间证书添加到该证书存储中，然后使用对CryptUIDlgViewCertificate的底层调用以使用临时存储的方式显示对话框。

Answer 3

Found in this MSDN forum thread , the example follows your original code:

X509Certificate2 endCert = new X509Certificate2(
        Convert.FromBase64String(
            "MIIE8zCCA9ugAwIBAgIQSBDq+mlsLsCZqWMIWj/YADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADA8MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMVGhhd3RlLCBJbmMuMRYwFAYDVQQDEw1UaGF3dGUgU1NMIENBMB4XDTExMTI" + 
            "yMDAwMDAwMFoXDTE0MDIxNzIzNTk1OVowgYsxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMREwDwYDVQQIEwhNYXJ5bGFuZDEUMBIGA1UEBxQLRm9yZXN0IEhpbGwxIzAhBgNVBAoUGkFwYWNoZSBTb2Z0d2FyZSBGb3VuZGF0aW" +
            "9uMRcwFQYDVQQLFA5JbmZyYXN0cnVjdHVyZTEVMBMGA1UEAxQMKi5hcGFjaGUub3JnMIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEApyhxElzdnWks7MMCEx24FMhHCbFcgKbO+fh/+JYrV91Cs" +
            "xsdqsAsvAU37P/eLMQ3ZVm93c6uQbt6cq+0VXniviFjXS3qUUJVUC60Q/YDzaYrTFZdY8ccA5wWdFTiMlJgwIqdlvB7JLkOzotvawRfJxeH+aucY756TdYGapAyno+3pWNXnU5sr1oaJ4uGchaS7LUAqpfP" +
            "fA3oTv63ZmIzHh2MTfDeUgdVSxeqEj3FCObLdps4Fs6c08Re2KAEZ+0UcMwNyJh0y6aP6PBgZAdt3qODONrI56TCDxjMC47lmIrm/U2Vy+v1LB90uU/1ESAiKvIKLjVZucO0U4Ol8VgiSDIH1FezXEhl+fP" + 
            "zY1N18u6kMx0AGDKDO0fBkUpkA6r6K4Kk/YvEJBLiIvLwLLnQhcwJjhRZItA52dNvKHMRYh5er1xVbLj7X+ujDfA6RpJYOmmPUxYzsZpZhTk0wybuGrkuvrm5t9ONP4p/2lan1G9aXqK6OLNh4W9IVUs1o1" +
            "KvMP86ToBOsZY/g50cld0kh7AMR+W/Lg9WtPxs1nq98k2J7HZBmMnYTEqwzSFtsMzGlqcFXO170JnfgklUjzi12vwQYO0bf/q+3e7QQsYRXzSGUEdKJZvzs0P09jJ6W/mDdnMdaoh7eYP5eynleZtElUgcd" +
            "NNgVAHn8NEUnJpwbGUCAwEAAaOBoDCBnTAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAAMDoGA1UdHwQzMDEwL6AtoCuGKWh0dHA6Ly9zdnItb3YtY3JsLnRoYXd0ZS5jb20vVGhhd3RlT1YuY3JsMB0GA1UdJQQWMBQGCCsGAQUF" +
            "BwMBBggrBgEFBQcDAjAyBggrBgEFBQcBAQQmMCQwIgYIKwYBBQUHMAGGFmh0dHA6Ly9vY3NwLnRoYXd0ZS5jb20wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAA6BnlWlsAXvTmDpqijPpBUkD9Xkbys7UC/FOuUVr3P" +
            "K3d3GCQynwhooBe2CAshtxjb3Cc8zJfeqb5IQfjTcuEznIpONvqFvSmU4/INS+3/TPLoyQ81wpsIUbJzhhJY78CH8TZ5cn2BtWkI9fEydAXYe9a64GVdjPBJhneBon3J63s895GSSucQAIQZEiXBAqoklS5" +
            "n0Ud2aSYrNZJUVN3o8Rh0tvd0W2l6KjBaIZLUTieDZb3eRrValvjYDcCp9uI3aTdhht6zxUuE+OZ7DPWIWz3EYTMVTTtQdojJK9mM++JC74Y4s+JSCgRzTn3CxDMWPG5FWxavENub0FfsXfnY="));

        X509Certificate2 intermediateCA = new X509Certificate2(
        Convert.FromBase64String(
            "MIIEbDCCA1SgAwIBAgIQTV8sNAiyTCDNbVB+JE3J7DANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCBqTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDHRoYXd0ZSwgSW5jLjEoMCYGA1UECxMfQ2VydGlmaWNhdGlvbiBTZXJ2aWN" + 
            "lcyBEaXZpc2lvbjE4MDYGA1UECxMvKGMpIDIwMDYgdGhhd3RlLCBJbmMuIC0gRm9yIGF1dGhvcml6ZWQgdXNlIG9ubHkxHzAdBgNVBAMTFnRoYXd0ZSBQcmltYXJ5IFJvb3QgQ0EwHhcNMTAwMjA4MDAwMD" + 
            "AwWhcNMjAwMjA3MjM1OTU5WjA8MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMVGhhd3RlLCBJbmMuMRYwFAYDVQQDEw1UaGF3dGUgU1NMIENBMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAmeSFW" + 
            "3ZJfS8F2MWsyMip09yY5tc0pi8M8iIm2KPJFEyPBaRF6BQMWJAFGrfFwQalgK+7HUlrUjSIw1nn72vEJ0GMK2Yd0OCjl5gZNEtB1ZjVxwWtouTX7QytT8G1sCH9PlBTssSQ0NQwZ2ya8Q50xMLciuiX/8mS" + 
            "rgGKVgqYMrAAI+yQGmDD7bs6yw9jnw1EyVLhJZa/7VCViX9WFLG3YR0cB4w6LPf/gN45RdWvGtF42MdxaqMZpzJQIenyDqHGEwNESNFmqFJX1xG0k4vlmZ9d53hR5U32t1m0drUJN00GOBN6HAiYXMRISst" + 
            "SoKn4sZ2Oe3mwIC88lqgRYke7EQIDAQABo4H7MIH4MDIGCCsGAQUFBwEBBCYwJDAiBggrBgEFBQcwAYYWaHR0cDovL29jc3AudGhhd3RlLmNvbTASBgNVHRMBAf8ECDAGAQH/AgEAMDQGA1UdHwQtMCswKa" + 
            "AnoCWGI2h0dHA6Ly9jcmwudGhhd3RlLmNvbS9UaGF3dGVQQ0EuY3JsMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAoBgNVHREEITAfpB0wGzEZMBcGA1UEAxMQVmVyaVNpZ25NUEtJLTItOTAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUp6KDuzRFQ" + 
            "D381TBPErk+oQGf9tswHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUe1tFz6/Oy3r9MZIaarbzRutXSFAwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAIAigOBsyJUW11cmh/NyNNvGclYnPtOW9i4lkaU+M5enS+Uv+yV9Lwdh+m+DdExMU3Ig" + 
            "pHrPUVFWgYiwbR82LMgrsYiZwf5Eq0hRfNjyRGQq2HGn+xov+RmNNLIjv8RMVR2OROiqXZrdn/0Dx7okQ40tR0Tb9tiYyLL52u/tKVxpEvrRI5YPv5wN8nlFUzeaVi/oVxBw9u6JDEmJmsEj9cIqzEHPIqt" + 
            "lbreUgm0vQF9Y3uuVK6ZyaFIZkSqudZ1OkubK3lTqGKslPOZkpnkfJn1h7X3S5XFV2JMXfBQ4MDzfhuNMrUnjl1nOG5srztxl1Asoa06ERlFE9zMILViXIa4="));

X509Chain chain = new X509Chain();
chain.ChainPolicy.ExtraStore.Add(intermediateCA);
chain.Build(endCert); // Whole chain!

X509Certificate2 fMainCertificate = null;

X509Certificate2Collection fExtraCertificates = new X509Certificate2Collection();

fMainCertificate = endCert;
fExtraCertificates.Add(intermediateCA);

X509Store lStore = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.CurrentUser);

// No need to write to the user's store, just read.
lStore.Open(OpenFlags.ReadOnly);

try
{
    List<X509Certificate2> lAddedCertificates = new List<X509Certificate2>();

    try
{
    foreach (X509Certificate2 lCertificate in fExtraCertificates)

        if (!lStore.Certificates.Contains(lCertificate))
    {
        lStore.Add(lCertificate);

            lAddedCertificates.Add(lCertificate);
        }

        X509Certificate2UI.DisplayCertificate(fMainCertificate);
}
    finally
{
    foreach (X509Certificate2 lCertificate in lAddedCertificates)
    lStore.Remove(lCertificate);
}
}
finally { lStore.Close(); }

When run, I get the default Windows dialog and the full chain appears to be present: