I'm trying to insert values into an 'Employee' table in Oracle SQL. I have a question regarding inputting values determined by a foreign key:
My employees have 3 attributes that are determined by foreign keys: State, Position, & Manager. I am using an INSERT INTO
statement to insert the values and manually typing in the data. Do I need to physically look up each reference to input the data or is there a command that I can use? Eg
INSERT INTO Employee
(emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_state, emp_position, emp_manager)
VALUES
(001, "John Doe", "1 River Walk, Green Street", 3, 5, 1000)
This should populate the employee table with (John Doe, 1 River Walk, Green Street, New York, Sales Executive, Barry Green)
. New York is state_id=3
in the State
table; Sales executive is position_id=5
in the positions
table; and Barry Green is manager_id=1000
in the manager
table.
Is there a way in which I can input the text values of the referenced tables, so that Oracle will recognise the text and match it with the relevant ID? I hope this question makes sense will be happy to clarify anything.
Thanks!
You can expend the following function in order to pull out more parameters from the DB before the insert:
--
-- insert_employee (Function)
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION insert_employee(p_emp_id in number, p_emp_name in varchar2, p_emp_address in varchar2, p_emp_state in varchar2, p_emp_position in varchar2, p_emp_manager in varchar2)
RETURN VARCHAR2 AS
p_state_id varchar2(30) := '';
BEGIN
select state_id
into p_state_id
from states where lower(emp_state) = state_name;
INSERT INTO Employee (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_state, emp_position, emp_manager) VALUES
(p_emp_id, p_emp_name, p_emp_address, p_state_id, p_emp_position, p_emp_manager);
return 'SUCCESS';
EXCEPTION
WHEN others THEN
RETURN 'FAIL';
END;
/
INSERT
INTO Employee
(emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_state, emp_position, emp_manager)
SELECT '001', 'John Doe', '1 River Walk, Green Street', state_id, position_id, manager_id
FROM dual
JOIN state s
ON s.state_name = 'New York'
JOIN positions p
ON p.position_name = 'Sales Executive'
JOIN manager m
ON m.manager_name = 'Barry Green'
Note that but a single spelling mistake (or an extra space) will result in a non-match and nothing will be inserted.
You can insert into a table from a SELECT.
INSERT INTO
Employee (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_state, emp_position, emp_manager)
SELECT
001,
'John Doe',
'1 River Walk, Green Street',
(SELECT id FROM state WHERE name = 'New York'),
(SELECT id FROM positions WHERE name = 'Sales Executive'),
(SELECT id FROM manager WHERE name = 'Barry Green')
FROM
dual
Or, similarly...
INSERT INTO
Employee (emp_id, emp_name, emp_address, emp_state, emp_position, emp_manager)
SELECT
001,
'John Doe',
'1 River Walk, Green Street',
state.id,
positions.id,
manager.id
FROM
state
CROSS JOIN
positions
CROSS JOIN
manager
WHERE
state.name = 'New York'
AND positions.name = 'Sales Executive'
AND manager.name = 'Barry Green'
Though this one does assume that all the look-ups exist. If, for example, there is no position name 'Sales Executive', nothing would get inserted with this version.
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