I have a Base class and 2 derived classes. I have a variable of base class which can hold one of the derived classes. I want to send that variable to a method which receives derived classes.
What can I do to resolve this problem without explicit cast since I don't know what the variable holds?
code:
Class A{
virtual public void foo1() {/.../}
}
Class B : A{
override public void foo1() {/.../}
}
Class C : A{
override public void foo1() {/.../}
}
Class D{
public foo(B argB) {/.../}
public foo(C argC) {/.../}
// in main
D varD = new D();
A varA = new B();
varD.foo(varA); //--->> Problem here need explicit casting
A varC = new C();
varD.foo(varC); //--->> Problem here need explicit casting
I don't know what derived class I'm sending to varD.foo
and I want different handling of different derived classes. What can I do?
This is not what polymorphism is about - you can not pass a base class where a specialized class is expected, even when explicitly casting. Polymorphism works the other way: You can pass a specialized class wherever the base class is expected.
What you should do is make D.foo
expect A
and you will automatically be fine. If you add any methods to B
or C
which have no base implementation in A
, you need to pass B
anyway and can not cast an A
to B
or D
.
Just make foo
an abstract instance method of A
and override the implementation in B
and C
. You could even keep your class D
and delegate the actual work to there but it depends if this is a good idea.
Here the code with delegation to D
. Also note that I omitted the method foo1()
in all classes.
public abstract class A
{
public abstract void foo(D d);
}
public sealed class B : A
{
public override void foo(D d)
{
d.foo(this);
}
}
public sealed class C : A
{
public override void foo(D d)
{
d.foo(this);
}
}
public sealed class D
{
public void foo(B b) { [...] }
public void foo(C c) { [...] }
}
Now you can use virtual method dispatching to call the correct method.
D d = new D();
A b = new B();
A c = new C();
b.foo(d); // Calls B.foo(D) and in turn D.foo(B).
c.foo(d); // Calls C.foo(D) and in turn D.foo(C).
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