如何使用Python在Excel中基于文本更改颜色？

Question

在Excel中，单元格的文本会因通过和失败而有所不同。我必须分别给背景绿色分别设置为通过（通过/通过/通过）和红色作为失败（通过/失败/失败）。 如何根据文字更改颜色？

我的剧本

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('Testing')
worksheet.write_merge(5, 5, 1, 1,'S.No')
worksheet.write_merge(5, 5, 2, 2,'Test Case Description')
worksheet.write_merge(5, 5, 3, 3,'Status')
worksheet.write_merge(5, 5, 4, 4,'Remarks')
worksheet.write_merge(6, 6, 1, 1,1)
worksheet.write_merge(7, 7, 1, 1,1)
worksheet.write_merge(6, 6, 2, 2,'Verify Transferring rate')
worksheet.write_merge(7, 7, 2, 2,'Verify Receiving rate')
worksheet.write_merge(6, 6, 3, 3,'Pass')
worksheet.write_merge(7, 7, 3, 3,'Fail')
workbook.save('testexcel.xls')

@亨利：

修改后的代码：

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('Status')

passed = xlwt.easyxf('back_color green')
failed = xlwt.easyxf('back_color red')


color = (passed if passorfail in ['pass','Passed','passed'] else
    (failed if passorfail in ['fail','Failed','failed'] else xlwt.easyxf()))

worksheet.write_merge(6, 6, 3, 3,passorfail, style = color)

workbook.save('passfail2.xls')
print "Completed"

并且在执行时抛出错误？ 如何解决此错误？

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "G:\airspan_eclipse\Excel_Gen\passfail2.py", line 5, in <module>
    passed = xlwt.easyxf('back_color green')
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\xlwt\Style.py", line 704, in easyxf
    field_sep=field_sep, line_sep=line_sep, intro_sep=intro_sep, esc_char=esc_char, debug=debug)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\xlwt\Style.py", line 632, in _parse_strg_to_obj
    raise EasyXFCallerError('line %r should have exactly 1 "%c"' % (line, intro_sep))
xlwt.Style.EasyXFCallerError: line 'back_color green' should have exactly 1 ":"

Answer 1

您可以使用easyxf创建样式，然后将其作为参数传递给write方法。

例如：

style_pass = xlwt.easyxf('pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour green;')
style_fail = xlwt.easyxf('pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour red;')
worksheet.write_merge(6, 6, 3, 3,'Pass', style=style_pass)
worksheet.write_merge(7, 7, 3, 3,'Fail', style=style_fail)

Answer 2

您需要放入if语句，以在通过失败时单独粘贴。

然后，您将使用它制作一个颜色字符串，例如'fore-colour grey25' 。 在Style.py中查找所有可能的颜色和选项的列表（github页面： https ： //github.com/python-excel/xlwt/blob/master/xlwt/Style.py ）。 由于red和green都可以，而back_color也可以，所以您可以：

passed = xlwt.easyxf('back_color green')
failed = xlwt.easyxf('back_color red')

color = (passed if passorfail in ['pass','Passed','passed'] else
    (failed if passorfail in ['fail','Failed','failed'] else xlwt.easyxf()))
worksheet.write_merge(6, 6, 3, 3,passorfail, style = color)